Split up source and added basic support for different targets.

targets/_any/SConscript

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Import('env')
+
+any_target_sources = Split('''
+    src/app/main.cpp
+
+    src/os/panic.cpp
+    src/os/tty.cpp
+
+    src/cstdlib/assert.cpp
+    src/cstdlib/stdio.cpp
+    src/cstdlib/stdlib.cpp
+    src/cstdlib/string.cpp
+''')
+
+env.Append(KERNEL_SOURCES = [env.File(f) for f in any_target_sources])
+
+Return('env')

targets/_any/include/assert.h

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_ASSERT_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_ASSERT_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include "./detail/common.h"
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
+
+#if defined(NDEBUG)
+#define assert(condition) ((void) 0)
+#else
+#define assert(condition) \
+if (!(condition)) \
+{ \
+    __ba__assert_fail(__FILE__, __LINE__, #condition); \
+}
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(NDEBUG)
+BA_CXX_NORETURN void __ba__assert_fail(const char* filename, int line, const char* condition) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+#endif
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_END
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_ASSERT_H_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/include/detail/common.h

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_DETAIL_ATTRIBUTES_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_DETAIL_ATTRIBUTES_H_INCLUDED
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#define BA_CXX_NODISCARD [[nodiscard]]
+#define BA_CXX_NORETURN [[noreturn]]
+#define BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#define BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN extern "C" {
+#define BA_EXTERN_C_END }
+#else
+#define BA_CXX_NODISCARD
+#define BA_CXX_NORETURN
+#define BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT
+#define BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
+#define BA_EXTERN_C_END
+#endif
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_DETAIL_ATTRIBUTES_H_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/include/os/panic.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_PANIC_HPP_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_PANIC_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+[[noreturn]] void panic(const char* message) noexcept;
+[[noreturn]] void panicf(const char* format, ...) noexcept;
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_PANIC_HPP_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/include/os/tty.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(OS_TTY_HPP_INCLUDED)
+#define OS_TTY_HPP_INCLUDED 1
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+namespace tty
+{
+enum class VgaColor : uint8_t
+{
+	BLACK = 0,
+	BLUE = 1,
+	GREEN = 2,
+	CYAN = 3,
+	RED = 4,
+	MAGENTA = 5,
+	BROWN = 6,
+	LIGHT_GREY = 7,
+	DARK_GREY = 8,
+	LIGHT_BLUE = 9,
+	LIGHT_GREEN = 10,
+	LIGHT_CYAN = 11,
+	LIGHT_RED = 12,
+	LIGHT_MAGENTA = 13,
+	LIGHT_BROWN = 14,
+	WHITE = 15
+};
+
+struct VgaDoubleColor
+{
+    VgaColor foreground : 4 = VgaColor::LIGHT_GREY;
+    VgaColor background : 4 = VgaColor::BLACK;
+};
+
+void initialize();
+void setColor(VgaDoubleColor color);
+void putEntryAt(char chr, VgaDoubleColor color, size_t posX, size_t posY);
+void putChar(char chr);
+void write(const char* data, size_t size);
+void write(const char* data);
+} // namespace tty
+
+#endif // OS_TTY_HPP_INCLUDED

targets/_any/include/stdio.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STDIO_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_STDIO_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include "./detail/common.h"
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
+
+int putchar(int chr) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+int puts(const char* str) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+int printf(const char* format, ...) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+int vprintf(const char* format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_END
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STDIO_H_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/include/stdlib.h

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STDLIB_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_STDLIB_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "./detail/common.h"
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
+
+BA_CXX_NORETURN void abort();
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD void* malloc(size_t size) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+void free(void* ptr) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_END
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STDLIB_H_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/include/string.h

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STRING_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_STRING_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include "./detail/common.h"
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
+
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int memcmp(const void* lhs, const void* rhs, size_t count) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+void memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+void memmove(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+void* memset(void* dest, int value, size_t count) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD size_t strlen(const char* str) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_END
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STRING_H_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/src/app/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+extern "C" void main()
+{
+}

targets/_any/src/cstdlib/assert.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+extern "C"
+{
+#if !defined(NDEBUG)
+void __ba__assert_fail(const char* filename, int line, const char* condition) noexcept
+{
+    std::printf(R"(
+Assertion failed:
+File:      %s
+Line:      %d
+Condition: %s)" "\n", filename, line, condition);
+    std::abort();
+}
+#endif
+} // extern "C"

targets/_any/src/cstdlib/stdio.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include "os/tty.hpp"
+
+extern "C"
+{
+namespace
+{
+int printInt(int value)
+{
+    if (value == 0)
+    {
+        putchar('0');
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (value < 0)
+    {
+        putchar('-');
+        return printInt(-value) + 1;
+    }
+
+    char digits[10]; // 2147483647 has 10 digits
+    char* pos = &digits[0];
+
+    while (value > 0)
+    {
+        *pos = static_cast<char>('0' + (value % 10));
+        value /= 10;
+        ++pos;
+    }
+    for (char* chr = pos - 1; chr >= digits; --chr)
+    {
+        putchar(*chr);
+    }
+    return pos - digits;
+}
+
+int printUInt(uint64_t value)
+{
+    if (value == 0)
+    {
+        putchar('0');
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    char digits[20]; // 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 has 20 digits
+    char* pos = &digits[0];
+
+    while (value > 0)
+    {
+        *pos = static_cast<char>('0' + (value % 10));
+        value /= 10;
+        ++pos;
+    }
+    for (char* chr = pos - 1; chr >= digits; --chr)
+    {
+        putchar(*chr);
+    }
+    return pos - digits;
+}
+
+int printHexInt(uint64_t value)
+{
+    if (value == 0)
+    {
+        putchar('0');
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    char digits[16]; // FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF has 16 digits
+    char* pos = &digits[0];
+
+    while (value > 0)
+    {
+        const uint64_t digit = (value % 16);
+        if (digit < 10)
+        {
+            *pos = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            *pos = static_cast<char>('A' + digit - 10);
+        }
+        value /= 16;
+        ++pos;
+    }
+    for (char* chr = pos - 1; chr >= digits; --chr)
+    {
+        putchar(*chr);
+    }
+    return pos - digits;
+}
+
+int printPointer(void* ptr)
+{
+    return printHexInt(reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(ptr));
+}
+
+int printString(const char* str)
+{
+    const size_t len = std::strlen(str);
+
+    for (size_t idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
+    {
+        putchar(str[idx]);
+    }
+    return static_cast<int>(len);
+}
+
+int printByteSize(size_t bytes)
+{
+    const char* suffixes[] = {
+        "B", "KiB", "MiB", "GiB", "TiB"
+    };
+    int suffixIdx = 0;
+    for (; suffixIdx < sizeof(suffixes) / sizeof(suffixes[0]); ++suffixIdx)
+    {
+        if (bytes < 1024) {
+            break;
+        }
+        bytes /= 1024;
+    }
+    return printUInt(bytes) + printString(suffixes[suffixIdx]);
+}
+}
+
+int putchar(int chr) noexcept
+{
+    tty::putChar(static_cast<char>(chr));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int puts(const char* str) noexcept
+{
+    tty::write(str);
+    tty::putChar('\n');
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int printf(const char* format, ...) noexcept
+{
+    va_list parameters;
+    va_start(parameters, format);
+    const int result = vprintf(format, parameters);
+    va_end(parameters);
+    return result;
+}
+
+int vprintf(const char* format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    int result = 0;
+    const char* pos = format;
+    while (*pos != '\0')
+    {
+        if (*pos == '%')
+        {
+            ++pos;
+            switch (*pos)
+            {
+                case '%':
+                    putchar('%');
+                    ++result;
+                    break;
+                case '\0':
+                    // TODO: invalid format string, do something
+                    assert(!"Invalid format string, ends with %.");
+                    return -1;
+                case 'b':
+                    result += printByteSize(va_arg(vlist, size_t));
+                    break;
+                case 'c':
+                {
+                    const char chr = static_cast<char>(va_arg(vlist, int));
+                    putchar(chr);
+                    ++result;
+                    break;
+                }
+                case 's':
+                    result += printString(va_arg(vlist, const char*));
+                    break;
+                case 'd':
+                    result += printInt(va_arg(vlist, int));
+                    break;
+                case 'p':
+                    result += printPointer(va_arg(vlist, void*));
+                    break;
+                case 'X':
+                    result += printHexInt(va_arg(vlist, unsigned));
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    assert(!"Invalid format string, unknown format identifier.");
+                    return -1;
+            }
+        } else
+        {
+            putchar(*pos);
+        }
+        ++pos;
+    }
+    ++result;
+    return result;
+}
+} // extern "C"
+

targets/_any/src/cstdlib/stdlib.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include "os/tty.hpp"
+
+namespace
+{
+inline const size_t INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS = 1024;
+inline const size_t INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_BYTES = INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS * sizeof(max_align_t);
+
+max_align_t gInitMallocSpace[INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS];
+
+struct MallocBlock
+{
+    size_t elements;
+    MallocBlock* nextBlock;
+};
+struct AllocInfo
+{
+    size_t elements;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(MallocBlock) <= sizeof(max_align_t));
+static_assert(sizeof(AllocInfo) <= sizeof(max_align_t));
+
+MallocBlock* gNextBlock = []()
+{
+    MallocBlock* initialBlock = reinterpret_cast<MallocBlock*>(gInitMallocSpace);
+    initialBlock->elements = INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS;
+    initialBlock->nextBlock = nullptr;
+    return initialBlock;
+}();
+}
+
+void __ba_registerAllocatableMemory(void* memory, size_t size) noexcept
+{
+    if (size < sizeof(max_align_t))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    MallocBlock* newBlock = static_cast<MallocBlock*>(memory);
+    newBlock->nextBlock = gNextBlock;
+    newBlock->elements = size / sizeof(max_align_t);
+    gNextBlock = newBlock;
+}
+
+extern "C"
+{
+void abort()
+{
+    tty::write("Abort called!");
+    __asm__ volatile("hlt");
+    while(true) {};
+    __builtin_unreachable();
+}
+
+void* malloc(size_t size) noexcept
+{
+    if (size == 0)
+    {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    const size_t requiredElements = (size + sizeof(max_align_t) - 1) / sizeof(max_align_t) + 1;
+    MallocBlock* prevBlock = nullptr;
+    for (MallocBlock* block = gNextBlock; block != nullptr; block = block->nextBlock)
+    {
+        if (block->elements >= requiredElements)
+        {
+            MallocBlock* newBlock = nullptr;
+            if (block->elements > requiredElements)
+            {
+                newBlock = reinterpret_cast<MallocBlock*>(reinterpret_cast<max_align_t*>(block) + requiredElements);
+                newBlock->nextBlock = block->nextBlock;
+                newBlock->elements = block->elements - requiredElements;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                newBlock = block->nextBlock;
+            }
+            if (prevBlock != nullptr)
+            {
+                prevBlock->nextBlock = newBlock;
+            }
+            AllocInfo* allocInfo = reinterpret_cast<AllocInfo*>(block);
+            allocInfo->elements = requiredElements;
+            return reinterpret_cast<max_align_t*>(block) + 1;
+        }
+        prevBlock = block;
+    }
+
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+void free(void* memory) noexcept
+{
+    if (memory == nullptr)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    MallocBlock* block = reinterpret_cast<MallocBlock*>(static_cast<max_align_t*>(memory) - 1);
+    block->nextBlock = gNextBlock;
+    gNextBlock = block;
+}
+} // extern "C"

targets/_any/src/cstdlib/string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+extern "C"
+{
+int memcmp(const void* lhs, const void* rhs, size_t count) noexcept
+{
+    for (size_t pos = 0; pos < count; ++pos)
+    {
+        const unsigned char left = *(static_cast<const unsigned char*>(lhs) + pos);
+        const unsigned char right = *(static_cast<const unsigned char*>(rhs) + pos);
+
+        if (left != right) {
+            return left - right;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count) noexcept
+{
+    for (size_t pos = 0; pos < count; ++pos)
+    {
+        *(static_cast<uint8_t*>(dest) + pos) = *(static_cast<const uint8_t*>(src) + pos);
+    }
+}
+
+void memmove(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count) noexcept
+{
+    if (dest < src)
+    {
+        for (size_t pos = 0; pos < count; ++pos)
+        {
+            *(static_cast<uint8_t*>(dest) + pos) = *(static_cast<const uint8_t*>(src) + pos);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        for (size_t pos = 0; pos < count; ++pos)
+        {
+            *(static_cast<uint8_t*>(dest) + count - pos - 1) = *(static_cast<const uint8_t*>(src) + count - pos - 1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void* memset(void* dest, int value, size_t count) noexcept
+{
+    for (size_t pos = 0; pos < count; ++pos)
+    {
+        *(static_cast<unsigned char*>(dest) + pos) = static_cast<unsigned char>(value);
+    }
+    return dest;
+}
+
+size_t strlen(const char* str) noexcept
+{
+    size_t len = 0;
+    while (str[len] != '\0') {
+        ++len;
+    }
+    return len;
+}
+}

targets/_any/src/os/panic.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+
+#include "os/panic.hpp"
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include "os/tty.hpp"
+
+void panic(const char* message) noexcept
+{
+    tty::write("Kernel panic!\n");
+    tty::write(message);
+    tty::putChar('\n');
+    std::abort();
+}
+
+void panicf(const char* format, ...) noexcept
+{
+    tty::write("Kernel panic!\n");
+    va_list parameters;
+    va_start(parameters, format);
+    std::vprintf(format, parameters);
+    va_end(parameters);
+    tty::putChar('\n');
+    std::abort();
+}

targets/_any/src/os/tty.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+
+#include "os/tty.hpp"
+
+#include <cstring>
+
+namespace tty
+{
+namespace
+{
+inline const size_t VGA_WIDTH = 80;
+inline const size_t VGA_HEIGHT = 25;
+
+size_t gTerminalRow = 0;
+size_t gTerminalColumn = 0;
+VgaDoubleColor gTerminalColor = VgaDoubleColor();
+uint16_t* gTerminalBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0xB8000);
+
+constexpr uint8_t vgaEntryColor(VgaDoubleColor color)
+{
+    return static_cast<uint8_t>(color.foreground) | static_cast<uint8_t>(color.background) << 4;
+}
+
+constexpr uint16_t vgaEntry(const unsigned char chr, const VgaDoubleColor color)
+{
+    return static_cast<uint16_t>(chr) | static_cast<uint16_t>(vgaEntryColor(color) << 8);
+}
+
+void newline()
+{
+    gTerminalColumn = 0;
+    if (gTerminalRow < VGA_HEIGHT - 1)
+    {
+        ++gTerminalRow;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // scrolling up
+        std::memmove(&gTerminalBuffer[0], &gTerminalBuffer[VGA_WIDTH], VGA_WIDTH * (VGA_HEIGHT - 1) * sizeof(uint16_t));
+    }
+}
+}
+
+void initialize()
+{
+    for (size_t y = 0; y < VGA_HEIGHT; y++)
+    {
+        for (size_t x = 0; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++)
+        {
+            const size_t index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
+            gTerminalBuffer[index] = vgaEntry(' ', gTerminalColor);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void setColor(VgaDoubleColor color)
+{
+    gTerminalColor = color;
+}
+
+void putEntryAt(char chr, VgaDoubleColor color, size_t posX, size_t posY)
+{
+    const size_t index = posY * VGA_WIDTH + posX;
+    gTerminalBuffer[index] = vgaEntry(chr, color);
+}
+
+void putChar(char chr)
+{
+    if (chr == '\n')
+    {
+        newline();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    putEntryAt(chr, gTerminalColor, gTerminalColumn, gTerminalRow);
+    if (++gTerminalColumn == VGA_WIDTH)
+    {
+        newline();
+    }
+}
+
+void write(const char* data, size_t size)
+{
+    for (size_t idx = 0; idx < size; idx++)
+    {
+        putChar(data[idx]);
+    }
+}
+
+void write(const char* data)
+{
+    write(data, std::strlen(data));
+}
+}