diff --git a/SConstruct b/SConstruct
index 675644e..ee7bdb0 100644
--- a/SConstruct
+++ b/SConstruct
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ target  = GetOption('target')
 
 env = Environment(tools =  ['default', 'compilation_db'])
 env.Append(CCFLAGS = ['-g', '-O0'])
+# env.Append(CCFLAGS = ['-O2'])
 
 env['ISO_FILES'] = []
 env = SConscript('bastl/SConscript', exports = 'env')
diff --git a/bastl/include/array b/bastl/include/array
index af5d771..f8f730b 100644
--- a/bastl/include/array
+++ b/bastl/include/array
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public:
     using iterator = pointer;
     using const_iterator = const_pointer;
 
-    T _elements;
+    T _elements[N];
 
     constexpr reference operator[](size_type pos) noexcept
     {
diff --git a/targets/_any/SConscript b/targets/_any/SConscript
index cee2793..914ecc2 100644
--- a/targets/_any/SConscript
+++ b/targets/_any/SConscript
@@ -1,17 +1,54 @@
 Import('env')
 
+def _resource(env, res, symbol):
+    def _generate_s(target, source, env):
+        with open(target[0].abspath, 'w') as f:
+            f.write(f'''
+    .section .rodata
+    .global {symbol}
+    .type {symbol} @object
+
+    .section .rodata
+    .global {symbol}_SIZE
+    .type {symbol}_SIZE @object
+{symbol}:
+    .incbin "{res}"
+{symbol}_END:
+{symbol}_SIZE:
+    .int {symbol}_END - {symbol}
+''')
+        with open(target[1].abspath, 'w') as f:
+            f.write(f'''
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+extern "C"
+{{
+extern const uint8_t {symbol}[];
+extern const unsigned {symbol}_SIZE;
+}}
+
+''')
+    env.Command([f'{res}.s', f'{res}.hpp'.replace('src/', 'include/')], res, action = _generate_s)
+env.AddMethod(_resource, 'Resource')
+
 any_target_sources = Split('''
     src/app/main.cpp
 
+    src/libs/psf.cpp
+
     src/os/draw.cpp
     src/os/panic.cpp
     src/os/tty.cpp
+    src/os/resources/lat9-08.psf.s
 
     src/cstdlib/assert.cpp
     src/cstdlib/stdio.cpp
     src/cstdlib/stdlib.cpp
     src/cstdlib/string.cpp
 ''')
+env.Resource(env.File('src/os/resources/lat9-08.psf').abspath, 'LAT9_08')
 
 env.Append(KERNEL_SOURCES = [env.File(f) for f in any_target_sources])
 
diff --git a/targets/_any/include/libs/psf.hpp b/targets/_any/include/libs/psf.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..175bb3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/targets/_any/include/libs/psf.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_PSF_HPP_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_PSF_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+namespace psf
+{
+inline const uint32_t MAGIC = 0x864ab572;
+
+struct Header
+{
+    uint32_t magic;         /* magic bytes to identify PSF */
+    uint32_t version;       /* zero */
+    uint32_t headersize;    /* offset of bitmaps in file, 32 */
+    uint32_t flags;         /* 0 if there's no unicode table */
+    uint32_t numglyph;      /* number of glyphs */
+    uint32_t bytesperglyph; /* size of each glyph */
+    uint32_t height;        /* height in pixels */
+    uint32_t width;         /* width in pixels */
+};
+
+class Font
+{
+private:
+    const Header* mMemory = nullptr;
+    size_t mSize = 0;
+public:
+    Font() noexcept = default;
+    Font(const Font&) = default;
+private:
+    Font(const Header* memory, size_t size) noexcept : mMemory(memory), mSize(size) {}
+public:
+    Font& operator=(const Font&) noexcept = default;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] uint32_t getGlyphWidth() const noexcept { return mMemory->width; }
+    [[nodiscard]] uint32_t getGlyphHeight() const noexcept { return mMemory->height; }
+    template<typename TColor, typename TDrawFn>
+    void writeGlyph(char chr, const TColor& fgColor, const TColor& bgColor, TDrawFn draw) const noexcept;
+public:
+    [[nodiscard]] static bool create(const void* data, size_t size, Font& outFont) noexcept;
+};
+
+template<typename TColor, typename TDrawFn>
+void Font::writeGlyph(char chr, const TColor& fgColor, const TColor& bgColor, TDrawFn draw) const noexcept
+{
+    if (chr > mMemory->numglyph) {
+        chr = 0;
+    }
+
+    const uint8_t* glyphData = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(mMemory) + mMemory->headersize + chr * mMemory->bytesperglyph;
+
+    for (unsigned y = 0; y < mMemory->height; ++y)
+    {
+        for (unsigned x = 0; x < mMemory->width; ++x)
+        {
+            const unsigned idx = y * mMemory->width + x;
+            const unsigned byte = idx / 8;
+            const unsigned bit = idx % 8;
+
+            if (glyphData[byte] & (0b10000000 >> bit))
+            {
+                draw(x, y, fgColor);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                draw(x, y, bgColor);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_PSF_HPP_INCLUDED)
diff --git a/targets/_any/include/os/draw.hpp b/targets/_any/include/os/draw.hpp
index b5de46c..ecc1ca2 100644
--- a/targets/_any/include/os/draw.hpp
+++ b/targets/_any/include/os/draw.hpp
@@ -5,8 +5,13 @@
 #define BAD_APPLE_OS_DRAW_HPP_INCLUDED
 
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include <array>
 #include <vector>
 
+namespace psf
+{
+class Font;
+}
 namespace draw
 {
 const unsigned SIZE_FULL = static_cast<unsigned>(-1);
@@ -19,6 +24,10 @@ struct Pixel
     uint8_t reserved_ = 0;
 };
 
+inline Pixel PIXEL_WHITE = {255, 255, 255};
+inline Pixel PIXEL_BLACK = {0, 0, 0};
+extern const std::array<Pixel, 16> VGA_PIXELS;
+
 class Framebuffer
 {
 protected:
@@ -38,6 +47,7 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] unsigned getPitch() const noexcept { return mPitch; }
     [[nodiscard]] unsigned getBufferSize() const noexcept { return mPitch * mHeight * sizeof(Pixel); }
 
+    const Pixel& getPixel(unsigned posX, unsigned posY) noexcept;
     void setPixel(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, Pixel pixel) noexcept;
 };
 
@@ -61,9 +71,15 @@ public:
 };
 
 void initializeDefaultFramebuffer(const Framebuffer& framebuffer) noexcept;
+[[nodiscard]] const Framebuffer& getPrimaryFramebuffer() noexcept;
+
 void setPixelDirect(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, Pixel pixel) noexcept;
 void setPixel(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, Pixel pixel) noexcept;
-void flushPixels() noexcept;
+const Pixel& getPixel(unsigned posX, unsigned posY) noexcept;
+
+void character(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, const psf::Font& font, char chr, const Pixel& fgColor = PIXEL_WHITE, const Pixel& bgColor = PIXEL_BLACK) noexcept;
+
+void scrollBy(int scrollX, int scrollY, const Pixel& fillColor = PIXEL_BLACK) noexcept;
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_FRAMEBUFFER_HPP_INCLUDED)
diff --git a/targets/_any/include/os/resources/.gitignore b/targets/_any/include/os/resources/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa23c79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/targets/_any/include/os/resources/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.hpp
diff --git a/targets/_any/include/os/tty.hpp b/targets/_any/include/os/tty.hpp
index ea5f62f..ce539cc 100644
--- a/targets/_any/include/os/tty.hpp
+++ b/targets/_any/include/os/tty.hpp
@@ -35,12 +35,14 @@ struct VgaDoubleColor
     VgaColor background : 4 = VgaColor::BLACK;
 };
 
-void initialize();
-void setColor(VgaDoubleColor color);
-void putEntryAt(char chr, VgaDoubleColor color, size_t posX, size_t posY);
-void putChar(char chr);
-void write(const char* data, size_t size);
-void write(const char* data);
+void initialize() noexcept;
+void setColor(VgaDoubleColor color) noexcept;
+void putEntryAt(char chr, VgaDoubleColor color, size_t posX, size_t posY) noexcept;
+void putChar(char chr) noexcept;
+void write(const char* data, size_t size) noexcept;
+void write(const char* data) noexcept;
+
+bool setPSFFont(const void* data, size_t length) noexcept;
 } // namespace tty
 
 #endif // OS_TTY_HPP_INCLUDED
diff --git a/targets/_any/include/stdio.h b/targets/_any/include/stdio.h
index 83536ef..fe7564b 100644
--- a/targets/_any/include/stdio.h
+++ b/targets/_any/include/stdio.h
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
 
 int putchar(int chr) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 int puts(const char* str) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
-int printf(const char* format, ...) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+int printf(const char* format, ...) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT __attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)));
 int vprintf(const char* format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 
 BA_EXTERN_C_END
diff --git a/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/stdlib.cpp b/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/stdlib.cpp
index b184f97..97b2e4e 100644
--- a/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/stdlib.cpp
+++ b/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/stdlib.cpp
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 namespace
 {
-inline const size_t INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS = 1024;
+inline const size_t INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS = 1024 * 1024;
 inline const size_t INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_BYTES = INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS * sizeof(max_align_t);
 
 max_align_t gInitMallocSpace[INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS];
diff --git a/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/string.cpp b/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/string.cpp
index 825ee5e..6ba9dcc 100644
--- a/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/string.cpp
+++ b/targets/_any/src/cstdlib/string.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ int memcmp(const void* lhs, const void* rhs, size_t count) noexcept
     return 0;
 }
 
+#if !defined(__x86_64__)
 void memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count) noexcept
 {
     for (size_t pos = 0; pos < count; ++pos)
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ void memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count) noexcept
         *(static_cast<uint8_t*>(dest) + pos) = *(static_cast<const uint8_t*>(src) + pos);
     }
 }
+#endif
 
 void memmove(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count) noexcept
 {
diff --git a/targets/_any/src/libs/psf.cpp b/targets/_any/src/libs/psf.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4b9169
--- /dev/null
+++ b/targets/_any/src/libs/psf.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+#include "libs/psf.hpp"
+
+namespace psf
+{
+bool Font::create(const void* data, size_t size, Font& outFont) noexcept
+{
+    if (size < sizeof(Header)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const Header* header = static_cast<const Header*>(data);
+    if (header->magic != MAGIC) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    outFont = Font(header, size);
+    return true;
+}
+}
diff --git a/targets/_any/src/os/draw.cpp b/targets/_any/src/os/draw.cpp
index 01797c8..f6a1d9a 100644
--- a/targets/_any/src/os/draw.cpp
+++ b/targets/_any/src/os/draw.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "os/draw.hpp"
 
 #include <cstring>
+#include "libs/psf.hpp"
 
 namespace draw
 {
@@ -9,7 +10,39 @@ namespace
 {
 Framebuffer gFramebuffer;
 OwningFramebuffer gDoubleBuffer;
+
+void scrollVertical(int scrollY, const Pixel& fillColor) noexcept
+{
+    if (scrollY == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const std::ptrdiff_t pixelOffset = scrollY * gFramebuffer.getPitch();
+    if (scrollY > 0)
+    {
+        // std::memmove(gFramebuffer.getBase(), gFramebuffer.getBase() + pixelOffset, gFramebuffer.getBufferSize() - (4 * pixelOffset));
+        // std::memset(gFramebuffer.getBase() + pixelOffset, 0, )
+    }
 }
+}
+
+const std::array<Pixel, 16> VGA_PIXELS = {
+    Pixel{0, 0, 0},
+    Pixel{0, 0, 170},
+    Pixel{0, 170, 0},
+    Pixel{170, 170, 0},
+    Pixel{170, 0, 0},
+    Pixel{170, 0, 170},
+    Pixel{170, 85, 0},
+    Pixel{170, 170, 170},
+    Pixel{85, 85, 85},
+    Pixel{85, 85, 255},
+    Pixel{85, 255, 85},
+    Pixel{85, 255, 255},
+    Pixel{255, 85, 85},
+    Pixel{255, 85, 255},
+    Pixel{255, 255, 85},
+    Pixel{255, 255, 255}
+};
 
 OwningFramebuffer::OwningFramebuffer(unsigned width, unsigned height, unsigned pitch) noexcept
     : Framebuffer(nullptr, width, height, pitch)
@@ -18,6 +51,14 @@ OwningFramebuffer::OwningFramebuffer(unsigned width, unsigned height, unsigned p
     mBase = mPixels.data();
 }
 
+const Pixel& Framebuffer::getPixel(unsigned posX, unsigned posY) noexcept
+{
+    if (posX >= mWidth || posY >= mHeight) {
+        return VGA_PIXELS[0]; // black
+    }
+    return mBase[posY * mPitch + posX];
+}
+
 void Framebuffer::setPixel(unsigned int posX, unsigned int posY, Pixel pixel) noexcept
 {
     if (posX >= mWidth || posY > mHeight) {
@@ -33,6 +74,11 @@ void initializeDefaultFramebuffer(const Framebuffer& framebuffer) noexcept
     gDoubleBuffer = OwningFramebuffer::makeFrom(gFramebuffer);
 }
 
+const Framebuffer& getPrimaryFramebuffer() noexcept
+{
+    return gFramebuffer;
+}
+
 void setPixelDirect(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, Pixel pixel) noexcept
 {
     gFramebuffer.setPixel(posX, posY, pixel);
@@ -42,11 +88,58 @@ void setPixelDirect(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, Pixel pixel) noexcept
 
 void setPixel(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, Pixel pixel) noexcept
 {
-    gDoubleBuffer.setPixel(posX, posY, pixel);
+    setPixelDirect(posX, posY, pixel);
+    //gDoubleBuffer.setPixel(posX, posY, pixel);
 }
 
-void flushPixels() noexcept
+const Pixel& getPixel(unsigned posX, unsigned posY) noexcept
 {
-    std::memcpy(gFramebuffer.getBase(), gDoubleBuffer.getBase(), gFramebuffer.getBufferSize());
+    return gDoubleBuffer.getPixel(posX, posY);
+}
+
+void character(unsigned posX, unsigned posY, const psf::Font& font, char chr, const Pixel& fgColor, const Pixel& bgColor) noexcept
+{
+    auto draw = [&](unsigned pxX, unsigned pxY, const Pixel& pixel)
+    {
+        setPixel(posX + pxX, posY + pxY, pixel);
+    };
+    font.writeGlyph(chr, fgColor, bgColor, draw);
+}
+
+void scrollBy(int scrollX, int scrollY, const Pixel& fillColor) noexcept
+{
+    // if (scrollX == 0)
+    // {
+    //     scrollVertical(scrollY, fillColor);
+    //     return;
+    // }
+    const int width = static_cast<int>(gFramebuffer.getHeight());
+    const int height = static_cast<int>(gFramebuffer.getHeight());
+    const bool reverseX = scrollX < 0;
+    const bool reverseY = scrollY < 0;
+
+    for (int posY = 0; posY < height; ++posY)
+    {
+        if (reverseY) {
+            posY = height - posY - 1;
+        }
+        for (int posX = 0; posX < width; ++posX)
+        {
+            if (reverseX) {
+                posX = width - posX - 1;
+            }
+            int readX = static_cast<int>(posX) + scrollX;
+            int readY = static_cast<int>(posY) + scrollY;
+
+            if (readX < 0 || readX >= width || readY < 0 || readY >= height)
+            {
+                setPixel(posX, posY, fillColor);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                setPixel(posX, posY, getPixel(readX, readY));
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/targets/_any/src/os/resources/.gitignore b/targets/_any/src/os/resources/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6aecae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/targets/_any/src/os/resources/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# these are generated from the resources
+*.hpp
+*.s
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/targets/_any/src/os/resources/lat9-08.psf b/targets/_any/src/os/resources/lat9-08.psf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75791ce
Binary files /dev/null and b/targets/_any/src/os/resources/lat9-08.psf differ
diff --git a/targets/_any/src/os/tty.cpp b/targets/_any/src/os/tty.cpp
index ce008fe..8fb56c8 100644
--- a/targets/_any/src/os/tty.cpp
+++ b/targets/_any/src/os/tty.cpp
@@ -2,18 +2,23 @@
 #include "os/tty.hpp"
 
 #include <cstring>
+#include <vector>
+#include "libs/psf.hpp"
+#include "os/draw.hpp"
+#include "os/resources/lat9-08.psf.hpp"
 
 namespace tty
 {
 namespace
 {
-inline const size_t VGA_WIDTH = 80;
-inline const size_t VGA_HEIGHT = 25;
-
 size_t gTerminalRow = 0;
 size_t gTerminalColumn = 0;
+size_t gTerminalWidth = 0;
+size_t gTerminalHeight = 0;
 VgaDoubleColor gTerminalColor = VgaDoubleColor();
-uint16_t* gTerminalBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0xB8000);
+// uint16_t* gTerminalBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(0xB8000);
+std::vector<uint16_t> gTerminalBuffer;
+psf::Font gTerminalFont;
 
 constexpr uint8_t vgaEntryColor(VgaDoubleColor color)
 {
@@ -28,42 +33,40 @@ constexpr uint16_t vgaEntry(const unsigned char chr, const VgaDoubleColor color)
 void newline()
 {
     gTerminalColumn = 0;
-    if (gTerminalRow < VGA_HEIGHT - 1)
+    if (gTerminalRow < gTerminalHeight - 1)
     {
         ++gTerminalRow;
     }
     else
     {
-        // scrolling up
-        std::memmove(&gTerminalBuffer[0], &gTerminalBuffer[VGA_WIDTH], VGA_WIDTH * (VGA_HEIGHT - 1) * sizeof(uint16_t));
+        draw::scrollBy(0, static_cast<int>(gTerminalFont.getGlyphHeight()) + 1);
     }
 }
 }
 
-void initialize()
+void initialize() noexcept
 {
-    for (size_t y = 0; y < VGA_HEIGHT; y++)
-    {
-        for (size_t x = 0; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++)
-        {
-            const size_t index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
-            gTerminalBuffer[index] = vgaEntry(' ', gTerminalColor);
-        }
-    }
+    setPSFFont(&LAT9_08[0], LAT9_08_SIZE);
 }
 
-void setColor(VgaDoubleColor color)
+void setColor(VgaDoubleColor color) noexcept
 {
     gTerminalColor = color;
 }
 
-void putEntryAt(char chr, VgaDoubleColor color, size_t posX, size_t posY)
+void putEntryAt(char chr, VgaDoubleColor color, size_t posX, size_t posY) noexcept
 {
-    const size_t index = posY * VGA_WIDTH + posX;
-    gTerminalBuffer[index] = vgaEntry(chr, color);
+    draw::character(
+        /* posX = */ (gTerminalFont.getGlyphWidth() + 1) * posX,
+        /* posY = */ (gTerminalFont.getGlyphHeight() + 1) * posY,
+        /* font = */ gTerminalFont,
+        /* chr  = */ chr,
+        /* fgColor = */ draw::VGA_PIXELS[static_cast<uint8_t>(color.foreground)],
+        /* bgColor = */ draw::VGA_PIXELS[static_cast<uint8_t>(color.background)]
+    );
 }
 
-void putChar(char chr)
+void putChar(char chr) noexcept
 {
     if (chr == '\n')
     {
@@ -72,13 +75,13 @@ void putChar(char chr)
     }
 
     putEntryAt(chr, gTerminalColor, gTerminalColumn, gTerminalRow);
-    if (++gTerminalColumn == VGA_WIDTH)
+    if (++gTerminalColumn == gTerminalWidth)
     {
         newline();
     }
 }
 
-void write(const char* data, size_t size)
+void write(const char* data, size_t size) noexcept
 {
     for (size_t idx = 0; idx < size; idx++)
     {
@@ -86,8 +89,20 @@ void write(const char* data, size_t size)
     }
 }
 
-void write(const char* data)
+void write(const char* data) noexcept
 {
     write(data, std::strlen(data));
 }
+
+bool setPSFFont(const void* data, size_t length) noexcept
+{
+    psf::Font newFont;
+    if (!psf::Font::create(data, length, newFont)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    gTerminalFont = newFont;
+    gTerminalWidth = draw::getPrimaryFramebuffer().getWidth() / (gTerminalFont.getGlyphWidth() + 1);
+    gTerminalHeight = draw::getPrimaryFramebuffer().getHeight() / (gTerminalFont.getGlyphHeight() + 1);
+    return true;
+}
 }
diff --git a/targets/x86_64/SConscript b/targets/x86_64/SConscript
index ce738bc..1cba6a8 100644
--- a/targets/x86_64/SConscript
+++ b/targets/x86_64/SConscript
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ crtn_o = kernel_env.Object('src/crt/crtn.s')
 kernel_env['LINKCOM'] = env['LINKCOM'].replace('$_LIBFLAGS', f'{crti_o[0].abspath} {crtbegin_o} $_LIBFLAGS -lgcc {crtend_o} {crtn_o[0].abspath}')
 
 kernel_sources = env['KERNEL_SOURCES'] + Split('''
+    src/cstdlib/memory.s
+
     src/kernel/boot.s
     src/kernel/startup.cpp
 ''')
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ prog_kernel = kernel_env.Program(
     target = kernel_target,
     source = kernel_sources
 )
-kernel_env.Depends(prog_kernel, [crti_o, crtn_o])
+kernel_env.Depends(prog_kernel, [crti_o, crtn_o] + kernel_sources)
 kernel_env.Default(prog_kernel)
 
 x86_64_iso_files = [
@@ -69,7 +71,6 @@ uefi_env.Append(CPPPATH = ['/usr/include/efi', 'include'])
 
 loader_sources = Split('''
     src/loader/main.cpp
-    src/loader/minimalloc.cpp
     src/loader/miniprintf.cpp
 ''')
 loader_target = uefi_env.File('#loader.x86_64.efi')
diff --git a/targets/x86_64/include/boot.hpp b/targets/x86_64/include/boot.hpp
index 032d265..91f81f3 100644
--- a/targets/x86_64/include/boot.hpp
+++ b/targets/x86_64/include/boot.hpp
@@ -75,7 +75,34 @@ struct EfiDisplayInfo
 struct EfiBootInfo
 {
     EfiMemoryMap memoryMap;
-    EfiDisplayInfo displayInfo;
+    EfiDisplayInfo displayInfo = {};
 };
 
+
+inline bool isEfiMemoryTypeUsable(UINT32 type) noexcept
+{
+    switch (type)
+    {
+        case EfiLoaderCode:
+        case EfiLoaderData:
+        case EfiBootServicesCode:
+        case EfiBootServicesData:
+        case EfiConventionalMemory:
+            return true;
+        case EfiReservedMemoryType:
+        case EfiRuntimeServicesCode:
+        case EfiRuntimeServicesData:
+        case EfiUnusableMemory:
+        case EfiACPIReclaimMemory:
+        case EfiACPIMemoryNVS:
+        case EfiMemoryMappedIO:
+        case EfiMemoryMappedIOPortSpace:
+        case EfiPalCode:
+        case EfiMaxMemoryType:
+        default:
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
 #endif // BOOT_HPP_INCLUDED
diff --git a/targets/x86_64/src/cstdlib/memory.s b/targets/x86_64/src/cstdlib/memory.s
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..753676c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/targets/x86_64/src/cstdlib/memory.s
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+
+.section .text
+.global memcpy
+.type memcpy @function
+
+// int memcpy(void* dest [%rdi], void* src [%rsi], size_t count [%rdx])
+//
+memcpy:
+    cmpq %rdx, 4
+    jl memcpy_bytes
+    movq (%rsi), %rax
+    movq %rax, (%rdi)
+    addq $4, %rsi
+    addq $4, %rdi
+    subq $4, %rdx
+    jmp memcpy
+memcpy_bytes:
+    cmpq %rdx, 0
+    je memcpy_end
+    movb (%rsi), %ah
+    movb %ah, (%rdi)
+    addq $1, %rsi
+    addq $1, %rdi
+    subq $1, %rdx
+    jmp memcpy_bytes
+memcpy_end:
+    ret
diff --git a/targets/x86_64/src/kernel/startup.cpp b/targets/x86_64/src/kernel/startup.cpp
index 0cdcea6..7cf7bad 100644
--- a/targets/x86_64/src/kernel/startup.cpp
+++ b/targets/x86_64/src/kernel/startup.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 
 #include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
 #include "boot.hpp"
 
 #include "os/draw.hpp"
@@ -14,8 +15,7 @@ void initHeapFromEfiMemoryMap(const EfiMemoryMap& memoryMap) noexcept
     const uint64_t minAddr = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&gKernelEnd);
     for (const EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR& descriptor : memoryMap)
     {
-        // TODO: what about other types?
-        if (descriptor.Type != EfiConventionalMemory)
+        if (!isEfiMemoryTypeUsable(descriptor.Type))
         {
             continue;
         }
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ void kernel_main()
     initGlobals();
 
     // init the heap (required for the double buffer)
-    initHeapFromEfiMemoryMap(gBootInfo->memoryMap);
+    // initHeapFromEfiMemoryMap(gBootInfo->memoryMap);
 
     // initialize the framebuffer
     draw::initializeDefaultFramebuffer({
@@ -108,18 +108,27 @@ void kernel_main()
     });
 
 	// initialize terminal interface
-	// tty::initialize();
+	tty::initialize();
 
     // std::printf("Kernel End: %p\n", &gKernelEnd);
+    uint8_t test[10] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
+    uint8_t dest[10] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+    std::memcpy(&dest[1], &test[3], 2);
 
+    for (int i = 0; i < 400; ++i)
+    {
+        std::printf("Hello font %d!\n", i);
+    }
+#if 0
     for (int x = 0; x < 100; ++x)
     {
         for (int y = 0; y < 100; ++y)
         {
-            draw::setPixel(x, y, {.red = 255});
+            draw::setPixelDirect(x, y, {.red = 255});
         }
     }
-    draw::flushPixels();
+#endif
+    //draw::flushPixels();
 
     /* Initialize the heap */
     // assert(gMultibootHeader->flags & MULTIBOOT_INFO_MEM_MAP);
diff --git a/targets/x86_64/src/loader/main.cpp b/targets/x86_64/src/loader/main.cpp
index c0677f4..0ad7f3a 100644
--- a/targets/x86_64/src/loader/main.cpp
+++ b/targets/x86_64/src/loader/main.cpp
@@ -5,13 +5,15 @@ extern "C"
 }
 #include "boot.hpp"
 #include "minielf.hpp"
-#include "minimalloc.hpp"
 #include "miniprintf.hpp"
 
 // debug stuff
 // #define DUMP_DISPLAY_MODES
 // #define DUMP_MEMORY_MAP
 // #define DUMP_ELF
+#define PRINTLINE3(file, line) print(L"At: " file L":" #line L"\r\n")
+#define PRINTLINE2(file, line) PRINTLINE3(file, line)
+#define PRINTLINE() PRINTLINE2(__FILE__, __LINE__)
 
 namespace
 {
@@ -19,6 +21,21 @@ EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE* gSystemTable;
 EFI_BOOT_SERVICES* gBootServices;
 EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL* gGraphicsOutputProtocol;
 
+void* malloc(size_t size) noexcept
+{
+    void* ptr = nullptr;
+    gBootServices->AllocatePool(EfiLoaderData, size, &ptr);
+    return ptr;
+}
+
+void free(void* ptr) noexcept
+{
+    // if (ptr != nullptr)
+    // {
+    //     gBootServices->FreePool(ptr);
+    // }
+}
+
 EFI_STATUS openImageVolume(EFI_HANDLE image, EFI_FILE_HANDLE& outHandle)
 {
     EFI_LOADED_IMAGE* loadedImage = nullptr;
@@ -112,18 +129,29 @@ EFI_STATUS getEfiMemoryMap(EfiMemoryMap& outMemoryMap)
     UINTN mapKey = 0;
     UINTN descriptorSize = 0;
     UINT32 descriptorVersion = 0;
-    EFI_STATUS status = gBootServices->GetMemoryMap(&mapSize, nullptr, &mapKey, &descriptorSize, &descriptorVersion);
-    if (status != EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
-        return status;
+
+    EFI_STATUS status = EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+    while (true)
+    {
+        status = gBootServices->GetMemoryMap(&mapSize, map, &mapKey, &descriptorSize, &descriptorVersion);
+        if (status != EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
+            break;
+        }
+        if (map != nullptr)
+        {
+            free(map);
+        }
+        map = static_cast<EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR*>(malloc(mapSize));
+        if (map == nullptr) {
+            return EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES;
+        }
     }
-    map = static_cast<EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR*>(malloc(mapSize));
-    if (map == nullptr) {
-        return EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES;
-    }
-    status = gBootServices->GetMemoryMap(&mapSize, map, &mapKey, &descriptorSize, &descriptorVersion);
     if (EFI_ERROR(status))
     {
-        free(map);
+        if (map != nullptr)
+        {
+            gBootServices->FreePool(map);
+        }
         return status;
     }
     outMemoryMap.mapSize = mapSize;
@@ -150,7 +178,7 @@ EFI_STATUS getEfiGraphicsOutputProtocol(EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL*& outGOP)
 EFI_STATUS queryEfiDisplayModes(EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION*& outModes)
 {
     UINTN sizeOfInfo = gGraphicsOutputProtocol->Mode->SizeOfInfo;
-    outModes = new EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION[gGraphicsOutputProtocol->Mode->MaxMode];
+    outModes = static_cast<EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION*>(malloc(gGraphicsOutputProtocol->Mode->MaxMode * sizeof(EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION)));
     EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION* buffer = static_cast<EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION*>(malloc(sizeOfInfo));
 
     for (UINT32 modeIdx = 0; modeIdx < gGraphicsOutputProtocol->Mode->MaxMode; ++modeIdx)
@@ -158,7 +186,7 @@ EFI_STATUS queryEfiDisplayModes(EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION*& outModes)
         EFI_STATUS status = gGraphicsOutputProtocol->QueryMode(gGraphicsOutputProtocol, modeIdx, &sizeOfInfo, &buffer);
         if (EFI_ERROR(status))
         {
-            delete[] outModes;
+            free(outModes);
             free(buffer);
             return status;
         }
@@ -187,37 +215,86 @@ UINT32 findBestDisplayMode(EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION* displayModes)
     return bestMode;
 }
 
-bool isEfiMemoryTypeUsable(EFI_MEMORY_TYPE type)
+const char* efiStatusToString(EFI_STATUS status)
 {
-    switch (type)
+    switch (status)
     {
-        case EfiLoaderCode:
-        case EfiLoaderData:
-        case EfiBootServicesCode:
-        case EfiBootServicesData:
-        case EfiConventionalMemory:
-            return true;
-        case EfiReservedMemoryType:
-        case EfiRuntimeServicesCode:
-        case EfiRuntimeServicesData:
-        case EfiUnusableMemory:
-        case EfiACPIReclaimMemory:
-        case EfiACPIMemoryNVS:
-        case EfiMemoryMappedIO:
-        case EfiMemoryMappedIOPortSpace:
-        case EfiPalCode:
-        case EfiMaxMemoryType:
+        case EFI_SUCCESS:
+            return "EFI_SUCCESS";
+        case EFI_LOAD_ERROR:
+            return "EFI_LOAD_ERROR";
+        case EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER:
+            return "EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER";
+        case EFI_UNSUPPORTED:
+            return "EFI_UNSUPPORTED";
+        case EFI_BAD_BUFFER_SIZE:
+            return "EFI_BAD_BUFFER_SIZE";
+        case EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL:
+            return "EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL";
+        case EFI_NOT_READY:
+            return "EFI_NOT_READY";
+        case EFI_DEVICE_ERROR:
+            return "EFI_DEVICE_ERROR";
+        case EFI_WRITE_PROTECTED:
+            return "EFI_WRITE_PROTECTED";
+        case EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES:
+            return "EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES";
+        case EFI_VOLUME_CORRUPTED:
+            return "EFI_VOLUME_CORRUPTED";
+        case EFI_VOLUME_FULL:
+            return "EFI_VOLUME_FULL";
+        case EFI_NO_MEDIA:
+            return "EFI_NO_MEDIA";
+        case EFI_MEDIA_CHANGED:
+            return "EFI_MEDIA_CHANGED";
+        case EFI_NOT_FOUND:
+            return "EFI_NOT_FOUND";
+        case EFI_ACCESS_DENIED:
+            return "EFI_ACCESS_DENIED";
+        case EFI_NO_RESPONSE:
+            return "EFI_NO_RESPONSE";
+        case EFI_NO_MAPPING:
+            return "EFI_NO_MAPPING";
+        case EFI_TIMEOUT:
+            return "EFI_TIMEOUT";
+        case EFI_NOT_STARTED:
+            return "EFI_NOT_STARTED";
+        case EFI_ALREADY_STARTED:
+            return "EFI_ALREADY_STARTED";
+        case EFI_ABORTED:
+            return "EFI_ABORTED";
+        case EFI_ICMP_ERROR:
+            return "EFI_ICMP_ERROR";
+        case EFI_TFTP_ERROR:
+            return "EFI_TFTP_ERROR";
+        case EFI_PROTOCOL_ERROR:
+            return "EFI_PROTOCOL_ERROR";
+        case EFI_INCOMPATIBLE_VERSION:
+            return "EFI_INCOMPATIBLE_VERSION";
+        case EFI_SECURITY_VIOLATION:
+            return "EFI_SECURITY_VIOLATION";
+        case EFI_CRC_ERROR:
+            return "EFI_CRC_ERROR";
+        case EFI_END_OF_MEDIA:
+            return "EFI_END_OF_MEDIA";
+        case EFI_END_OF_FILE:
+            return "EFI_END_OF_FILE";
+        case EFI_INVALID_LANGUAGE:
+            return "EFI_INVALID_LANGUAGE";
+        case EFI_COMPROMISED_DATA:
+            return "EFI_COMPROMISED_DATA";
         default:
-            return false;
+            return "UNKNOWN";
     }
 }
 }
 
-#define DIE_ON_ERROR(message)      \
-if (EFI_ERROR(status))             \
-{                                  \
-    printAndWait(message L"\r\n"); \
-    return status;                 \
+#define DIE_ON_ERROR(message)                          \
+if (EFI_ERROR(status))                                 \
+{                                                      \
+    printf("Status: %s\n", efiStatusToString(status)); \
+    printAndWait(message L"\r\n");                     \
+    return status;                                     \
 }
 
 extern "C" EFI_STATUS efi_main(EFI_HANDLE imageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE* systemTable)
@@ -226,11 +303,10 @@ extern "C" EFI_STATUS efi_main(EFI_HANDLE imageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE* systemT
     gSystemTable = systemTable;
     gBootServices = systemTable->BootServices;
 
-    initMiniMalloc();
     initMiniPrintf(&putchar);
 
     // this will be passed to the OS
-    EfiBootInfo* bootInfo = new EfiBootInfo;
+    EfiBootInfo* bootInfo = static_cast<EfiBootInfo*>(malloc(sizeof(EfiBootInfo)));
 
     gSystemTable->ConOut->ClearScreen(gSystemTable->ConOut);
 
@@ -246,6 +322,10 @@ extern "C" EFI_STATUS efi_main(EFI_HANDLE imageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE* systemT
     status = gGraphicsOutputProtocol->SetMode(gGraphicsOutputProtocol, bestModeIdx);
     DIE_ON_ERROR(L"Error setting display mode.");
 
+    UINTN consoleColumns, consoleRows;
+    status = gSystemTable->ConOut->QueryMode(gSystemTable->ConOut, gSystemTable->ConOut->Mode->Mode, &consoleColumns, &consoleRows);
+    DIE_ON_ERROR(L"Error fetching console mode.");
+
     bootInfo->displayInfo = {
         .frameBufferBase = reinterpret_cast<void*>(gGraphicsOutputProtocol->Mode->FrameBufferBase),
         .frameBufferSize = gGraphicsOutputProtocol->Mode->FrameBufferSize,
@@ -329,14 +409,24 @@ extern "C" EFI_STATUS efi_main(EFI_HANDLE imageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE* systemT
 
 #if defined(DUMP_MEMORY_MAP)
     int entry = -1;
-    for (const EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR& descriptor : *memoryMap)
-    {
-        ++entry;
 
-        // if (!isEfiMemoryTypeUsable(static_cast<EFI_MEMORY_TYPE>(descriptor->Type))) {
-        if (descriptor.Type != EfiConventionalMemory) {
+    UINTN leftThisPage = consoleRows - 1;
+    printf("ltp: %d\n", static_cast<int>(leftThisPage));
+    for (const EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR& descriptor : bootInfo->memoryMap)
+    {
+        if (!isEfiMemoryTypeUsable(descriptor.Type)) {
+        // if (descriptor.Type != EfiBootServicesCode) {
             continue;
         }
+
+        ++entry;
+        if (leftThisPage == 0)
+        {
+            printAndWait(L"-- Any key to continue --\r\n");
+            leftThisPage = consoleRows;
+        }
+        --leftThisPage;
+
         printf(
             "Entry %d: type=%d, physicalStart=0x%lX, numberOfPages=%ld\n",
            entry,
@@ -347,7 +437,7 @@ extern "C" EFI_STATUS efi_main(EFI_HANDLE imageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE* systemT
     }
 
     // printing may have invalidated the map, get it again
-    status = getEfiMemoryMap(*memoryMap);
+    status = getEfiMemoryMap(bootInfo->memoryMap);
     DIE_ON_ERROR("Error getting EFI memory map.");
 #undef DUMP_MEMORY_MAP
 #endif // defined(DUMP_MEMORY_MAP)
diff --git a/targets/x86_64/src/loader/minimalloc.cpp b/targets/x86_64/src/loader/minimalloc.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 339f15a..0000000
--- a/targets/x86_64/src/loader/minimalloc.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-
-
-#include <stddef.h>
-
-namespace
-{
-inline const size_t INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS = 1024;
-inline const size_t INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_BYTES = INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS * sizeof(max_align_t);
-
-max_align_t gInitMallocSpace[INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS];
-
-struct MallocBlock
-{
-    size_t elements;
-    MallocBlock* nextBlock;
-};
-struct AllocInfo
-{
-    size_t elements;
-};
-static_assert(sizeof(MallocBlock) <= sizeof(max_align_t));
-static_assert(sizeof(AllocInfo) <= sizeof(max_align_t));
-
-MallocBlock* gNextBlock;
-}
-
-void initMiniMalloc()
-{
-    gNextBlock = reinterpret_cast<MallocBlock*>(gInitMallocSpace);
-    gNextBlock->elements = INIT_MALLOC_SPACE_ELEMENTS;
-    gNextBlock->nextBlock = nullptr;
-}
-
-extern "C"
-{
-void* malloc(size_t size) noexcept
-{
-    if (size == 0)
-    {
-        return nullptr;
-    }
-
-    const size_t requiredElements = (size + sizeof(max_align_t) - 1) / sizeof(max_align_t) + 1;
-    MallocBlock* prevBlock = nullptr;
-    for (MallocBlock* block = gNextBlock; block != nullptr; block = block->nextBlock)
-    {
-        if (block->elements >= requiredElements)
-        {
-            MallocBlock* newBlock = nullptr;
-            if (block->elements > requiredElements)
-            {
-                newBlock = reinterpret_cast<MallocBlock*>(reinterpret_cast<max_align_t*>(block) + requiredElements);
-                newBlock->nextBlock = block->nextBlock;
-                newBlock->elements = block->elements - requiredElements;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                newBlock = block->nextBlock;
-            }
-            if (prevBlock != nullptr)
-            {
-                prevBlock->nextBlock = newBlock;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                gNextBlock = newBlock;
-            }
-            AllocInfo* allocInfo = reinterpret_cast<AllocInfo*>(block);
-            allocInfo->elements = requiredElements;
-            return reinterpret_cast<max_align_t*>(block) + 1;
-        }
-        prevBlock = block;
-    }
-
-    return nullptr;
-}
-
-void free(void* memory) noexcept
-{
-    if (memory == nullptr)
-    {
-        return;
-    }
-    MallocBlock* block = reinterpret_cast<MallocBlock*>(static_cast<max_align_t*>(memory) - 1);
-    block->nextBlock = gNextBlock;
-    gNextBlock = block;
-}
-}
-
-void* operator new(size_t count)
-{
-    if (void* ptr = malloc(count); ptr != nullptr)
-    {
-        return ptr;
-    }
-    // TODO: some kind of abort
-}
-
-void operator delete(void* data) noexcept
-{
-    free(data);
-}
-
-void* operator new[](size_t count)
-{
-    if (void* ptr = malloc(count); ptr != nullptr)
-    {
-        return ptr;
-    }
-    // TODO: some kind of abort
-}
-
-void operator delete[](void* data) noexcept
-{
-    free(data);
-}
-
-void operator delete(void* data, size_t /* size */) noexcept
-{
-    free(data);
-}
-
-void operator delete[](void* data, size_t /* size */) noexcept
-{
-    free(data);
-}