More implementation of the C standard library.

targets/_any/bastl/SConscript

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ bastl_sources = Split('''
     src/new.cpp
 ''')
 
-env.Append(KERNEL_SOURCES = [env.File(f) for f in bastl_sources])
+# env.Append(KERNEL_SOURCES = [env.File(f) for f in bastl_sources])
 
 Return('env')

targets/_any/bastl/include/cctype

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CCTYPE_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_CCTYPE_INCLUDED
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+namespace std
+{
+using ::isalnum;
+using ::isalpha;
+using ::islower;
+using ::isupper;
+using ::isdigit;
+using ::isxdigit;
+using ::iscntrl;
+using ::isgraph;
+using ::isspace;
+using ::isblank;
+using ::isprint;
+using ::ispunct;
+using ::tolower;
+using ::toupper;
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CCTYPE_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/bastl/include/cerrno

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CERRNO_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_CERRNO_INCLUDED
+
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CERRNO_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/bastl/include/cstdint

@@ -16,6 +16,21 @@ using ::uint8_t;
 using ::uint16_t;
 using ::uint32_t;
 using ::uint64_t;
+
+using ::intptr_t;
+using ::uintptr_t;
+
+using ::int_fast8_t;
+using ::int_fast16_t;
+using ::int_fast32_t;
+using ::int_fast64_t;
+using ::uint_fast8_t;
+using ::uint_fast16_t;
+using ::uint_fast32_t;
+using ::uint_fast64_t;
+
+using ::intmax_t;
+using ::uintmax_t;
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CSTDINT_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/bastl/include/cstring

@@ -8,12 +8,16 @@
 
 namespace std
 {
-using ::strlen;
-
 using ::memcmp;
 using ::memcpy;
 using ::memmove;
 using ::memset;
+
+
+using ::strcat;
+using ::strchr;
+using ::strcpy;
+using ::strlen;
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CSTRING_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/bastl/include/string_view

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STRING_VIEW_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_STRING_VIEW_INCLUDED
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace std
+{
+template<typename CharT, typename Traits = char_traits<CharT>>
+class basic_string_view
+{
+public:
+    using traits_type = Traits;
+    using value_type = CharT;
+    using pointer = CharT*;
+    using const_pointer = const CharT*;
+    using reference = CharT&;
+    using const_reference = const CharT&;
+    using iterator = const CharT*;
+    using const_iterator = const CharT*;
+    // TODO: reverse iterators
+    using size_type = size_t;
+    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
+private:
+    const_pointer _begin = nullptr;
+    const_pointer _end = nullptr;
+public:
+    constexpr basic_string_view() noexcept = default;
+    constexpr basic_string_view(const basic_string_view&) noexcept = default;
+    constexpr basic_string_view(const_pointer s, size_type count) noexcept : _begin(s), _end(s + count) {}
+    constexpr basic_string_view(const_pointer s) noexcept : _begin(s), _end(s)
+    {
+        while (*_end) { ++_end; }
+    }
+    template<typename It, typename End>
+    constexpr basic_string_view(It first, End last) noexcept : _begin(first), _end(last) {}
+    constexpr basic_string_view(nullptr_t) = delete;
+
+    constexpr basic_string_view& operator=(const basic_string_view&) noexcept = default;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept { return _begin; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept { return _begin; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr iterator end() const noexcept { return _end; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_iterator cend() const noexcept { return _end; }
+    // TODO: reverse iterators
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_reference operator[](size_type pos) const noexcept { return _begin[pos]; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_reference at(size_type pos) const
+    {
+        if (pos >= size()) {
+            __ba_throw out_of_range();
+        }
+        return _begin[pos];
+    }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_reference front() const noexcept { return *_begin; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_reference back() const noexcept { return _end[-1]; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const_pointer data() const noexcept { return _begin; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr size_type size() const noexcept { return _end - _begin; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr size_type length() const noexcept { return _end - _begin; }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr size_type max_size() const noexcept { return numeric_limits<size_type>::max(); }
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return size() == 0; }
+
+    constexpr void remove_prefix(size_type n) noexcept { _begin += n; }
+    constexpr void remove_suffix(size_type n) noexcept { _end -= n; }
+
+    constexpr void swap(basic_string_view& v) noexcept
+    {
+        swap(_begin, v._begin);
+        swap(_end, v._end);
+    }
+};
+
+using string_view = basic_string_view<char>;
+using wstring_view = basic_string_view<wchar_t>;
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_STRING_VIEW_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/bastl/include/utility

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_UTILITY_INCLUDED)
 #define BAD_APPLE_OS_UTILITY_INCLUDED
 
-#include "type_traits"
+#include <type_traits>
 
 namespace std
 {

targets/_any/init/SConscript

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Import('env')
 
 init_sources = Split('''
-    src/main.c
+    src/main.cpp
 ''')
 
 init_env = env.Clone()
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ init_env['CC'] = 'x86_64-elf-baos-gcc'
 init_env['CXX'] = 'x86_64-elf-baos-g++'
 init_env['LD'] = 'x86_64-elf-baos-g++'
 init_env.Append(CXXFLAGS = ['-fno-exceptions', '-fno-rtti', '-std=c++20'])
+init_env.Append(LINKFLAGS = ['-nostdlib++']) # TODO: this should be changed in GCC, but I can't find a way to do it
 init_env.Append(CPPPATH = ['#targets/_any/bastl/include', '#targets/_any/stdlib/include', '#targets/_any/kernel/include'])
 
 prog_init = init_env.Program(

targets/_any/kernel/include/os/serial.hpp

@@ -55,4 +55,15 @@ inline void serialWriteString(std::uint16_t port, const char* str) noexcept
     }
 }
 
+inline void serialWriteString(std::uint16_t port, const char* str, size_t count) noexcept
+{
+    for (size_t pos = 0; pos < count; ++pos)
+    {
+        if (str[pos] == '\n') {
+            serialWrite(port, '\r');
+        }
+        serialWrite(port, str[pos]);
+    }
+}
+
 #endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_SERIAL_HPP_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/kernel/include/os/tools/ringbuffer.hpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <span>
 
 namespace baos
 {
@@ -47,6 +48,33 @@ public:
         --mBufferedElements;
         return true;
     }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool isDataContinuous() const noexcept
+    {
+        return mBufferedElements <= mPosition;
+    }
+
+    void normalize() noexcept
+    {
+        std::array<T, SIZE> tempElements;
+        auto it = tempElements.begin();
+        while (next(*it)) { ++it; }
+        mBufferedElements = it - tempElements.begin();
+        mElements = std::move(tempElements);
+        mPosition = mBufferedElements;
+    }
+
+    std::span<T> getAll(bool reset = true) noexcept
+    {
+        if (!isDataContinuous()) {
+            normalize();
+        }
+        std::span<T> result = {mElements.data() + mPosition - mBufferedElements, mBufferedElements};
+        if (reset) {
+            mBufferedElements = 0;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
 };
 }
 

targets/_any/kernel/src/syscall.cpp

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ void sysFileRead(unsigned fileDescriptor, char* buffer, std::size_t count) noexc
 
 void sysFileWrite(unsigned fileDescriptor, const char* buffer, std::size_t count) noexcept
 {
+    serialWriteString(PORT_COM1, buffer, count);
     for (std::size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index) {
         serialWrite(PORT_COM1, buffer[index]);
     }

targets/_any/stdlib/SConscript

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ env['CRT0_PATH'] = env.File(f'src/crt0.{env["TARGET_ARCH"]}.s').abspath
 
 stdlib_sources = Split(f'''
     src/assert.cpp
+    src/ctype.cpp
+    src/errno.cpp
     src/stdio.cpp
     src/stdlib.cpp
     src/string.cpp

targets/_any/stdlib/include/ctype.h

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CTYPE_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_CTYPE_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include "./detail/common.h"
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
+
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isalnum(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isalpha(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int islower(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isupper(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isdigit(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isxdigit(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int iscntrl(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isgraph(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isspace(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isblank(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int isprint(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int ispunct(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int tolower(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int toupper(int ch) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_END
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CTYPE_H_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/stdlib/include/errno.h

@@ -1,7 +1,170 @@
-
+// shamelessly stolen from my Linux distro (which means this is GPL code!)
 #pragma once
 
 #if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_ERRNO_H_INCLUDED)
 #define BAD_APPLE_OS_ERRNO_H_INCLUDED
 
+#include "./detail/common.h"
+
+#define errno (*__errno())
+
+#define EPERM         1    /* Operation not permitted */
+#define ENOENT         2    /* No such file or directory */
+#define ESRCH         3    /* No such process */
+#define EINTR         4    /* Interrupted system call */
+#define EIO             5    /* I/O error */
+#define ENXIO         6    /* No such device or address */
+#define E2BIG         7    /* Argument list too long */
+#define ENOEXEC         8    /* Exec format error */
+#define EBADF         9    /* Bad file number */
+#define ECHILD        10    /* No child processes */
+#define EAGAIN        11    /* Try again */
+#define ENOMEM        12    /* Out of memory */
+#define EACCES        13    /* Permission denied */
+#define EFAULT        14    /* Bad address */
+#define ENOTBLK        15    /* Block device required */
+#define EBUSY        16    /* Device or resource busy */
+#define EEXIST        17    /* File exists */
+#define EXDEV        18    /* Cross-device link */
+#define ENODEV        19    /* No such device */
+#define ENOTDIR        20    /* Not a directory */
+#define EISDIR        21    /* Is a directory */
+#define EINVAL        22    /* Invalid argument */
+#define ENFILE        23    /* File table overflow */
+#define EMFILE        24    /* Too many open files */
+#define ENOTTY        25    /* Not a typewriter */
+#define ETXTBSY        26    /* Text file busy */
+#define EFBIG        27    /* File too large */
+#define ENOSPC        28    /* No space left on device */
+#define ESPIPE        29    /* Illegal seek */
+#define EROFS        30    /* Read-only file system */
+#define EMLINK        31    /* Too many links */
+#define EPIPE        32    /* Broken pipe */
+#define EDOM        33    /* Math argument out of domain of func */
+#define ERANGE        34    /* Math result not representable */
+
+#define EDEADLK        35    /* Resource deadlock would occur */
+#define ENAMETOOLONG    36    /* File name too long */
+#define ENOLCK        37    /* No record locks available */
+
+/*
+ * This error code is special: arch syscall entry code will return
+ * -ENOSYS if users try to call a syscall that doesn't exist.  To keep
+ * failures of syscalls that really do exist distinguishable from
+ * failures due to attempts to use a nonexistent syscall, syscall
+ * implementations should refrain from returning -ENOSYS.
+ */
+#define ENOSYS        38    /* Invalid system call number */
+
+#define ENOTEMPTY    39    /* Directory not empty */
+#define ELOOP        40    /* Too many symbolic links encountered */
+#define EWOULDBLOCK    EAGAIN    /* Operation would block */
+#define ENOMSG        42    /* No message of desired type */
+#define EIDRM        43    /* Identifier removed */
+#define ECHRNG        44    /* Channel number out of range */
+#define EL2NSYNC    45    /* Level 2 not synchronized */
+#define EL3HLT        46    /* Level 3 halted */
+#define EL3RST        47    /* Level 3 reset */
+#define ELNRNG        48    /* Link number out of range */
+#define EUNATCH        49    /* Protocol driver not attached */
+#define ENOCSI        50    /* No CSI structure available */
+#define EL2HLT        51    /* Level 2 halted */
+#define EBADE        52    /* Invalid exchange */
+#define EBADR        53    /* Invalid request descriptor */
+#define EXFULL        54    /* Exchange full */
+#define ENOANO        55    /* No anode */
+#define EBADRQC        56    /* Invalid request code */
+#define EBADSLT        57    /* Invalid slot */
+
+#define EDEADLOCK    EDEADLK
+
+#define EBFONT        59    /* Bad font file format */
+#define ENOSTR        60    /* Device not a stream */
+#define ENODATA        61    /* No data available */
+#define ETIME        62    /* Timer expired */
+#define ENOSR        63    /* Out of streams resources */
+#define ENONET        64    /* Machine is not on the network */
+#define ENOPKG        65    /* Package not installed */
+#define EREMOTE        66    /* Object is remote */
+#define ENOLINK        67    /* Link has been severed */
+#define EADV        68    /* Advertise error */
+#define ESRMNT        69    /* Srmount error */
+#define ECOMM        70    /* Communication error on send */
+#define EPROTO        71    /* Protocol error */
+#define EMULTIHOP    72    /* Multihop attempted */
+#define EDOTDOT        73    /* RFS specific error */
+#define EBADMSG        74    /* Not a data message */
+#define EOVERFLOW    75    /* Value too large for defined data type */
+#define ENOTUNIQ    76    /* Name not unique on network */
+#define EBADFD        77    /* File descriptor in bad state */
+#define EREMCHG        78    /* Remote address changed */
+#define ELIBACC        79    /* Can not access a needed shared library */
+#define ELIBBAD        80    /* Accessing a corrupted shared library */
+#define ELIBSCN        81    /* .lib section in a.out corrupted */
+#define ELIBMAX        82    /* Attempting to link in too many shared libraries */
+#define ELIBEXEC    83    /* Cannot exec a shared library directly */
+#define EILSEQ        84    /* Illegal byte sequence */
+#define ERESTART    85    /* Interrupted system call should be restarted */
+#define ESTRPIPE    86    /* Streams pipe error */
+#define EUSERS        87    /* Too many users */
+#define ENOTSOCK    88    /* Socket operation on non-socket */
+#define EDESTADDRREQ    89    /* Destination address required */
+#define EMSGSIZE    90    /* Message too long */
+#define EPROTOTYPE    91    /* Protocol wrong type for socket */
+#define ENOPROTOOPT    92    /* Protocol not available */
+#define EPROTONOSUPPORT    93    /* Protocol not supported */
+#define ESOCKTNOSUPPORT    94    /* Socket type not supported */
+#define EOPNOTSUPP    95    /* Operation not supported on transport endpoint */
+#define EPFNOSUPPORT    96    /* Protocol family not supported */
+#define EAFNOSUPPORT    97    /* Address family not supported by protocol */
+#define EADDRINUSE    98    /* Address already in use */
+#define EADDRNOTAVAIL    99    /* Cannot assign requested address */
+#define ENETDOWN    100    /* Network is down */
+#define ENETUNREACH    101    /* Network is unreachable */
+#define ENETRESET    102    /* Network dropped connection because of reset */
+#define ECONNABORTED    103    /* Software caused connection abort */
+#define ECONNRESET    104    /* Connection reset by peer */
+#define ENOBUFS        105    /* No buffer space available */
+#define EISCONN        106    /* Transport endpoint is already connected */
+#define ENOTCONN    107    /* Transport endpoint is not connected */
+#define ESHUTDOWN    108    /* Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown */
+#define ETOOMANYREFS    109    /* Too many references: cannot splice */
+#define ETIMEDOUT    110    /* Connection timed out */
+#define ECONNREFUSED    111    /* Connection refused */
+#define EHOSTDOWN    112    /* Host is down */
+#define EHOSTUNREACH    113    /* No route to host */
+#define EALREADY    114    /* Operation already in progress */
+#define EINPROGRESS    115    /* Operation now in progress */
+#define ESTALE        116    /* Stale file handle */
+#define EUCLEAN        117    /* Structure needs cleaning */
+#define ENOTNAM        118    /* Not a XENIX named type file */
+#define ENAVAIL        119    /* No XENIX semaphores available */
+#define EISNAM        120    /* Is a named type file */
+#define EREMOTEIO    121    /* Remote I/O error */
+#define EDQUOT        122    /* Quota exceeded */
+
+#define ENOMEDIUM    123    /* No medium found */
+#define EMEDIUMTYPE    124    /* Wrong medium type */
+#define ECANCELED    125    /* Operation Canceled */
+#define ENOKEY        126    /* Required key not available */
+#define EKEYEXPIRED    127    /* Key has expired */
+#define EKEYREVOKED    128    /* Key has been revoked */
+#define EKEYREJECTED    129    /* Key was rejected by service */
+
+/* for robust mutexes */
+#define EOWNERDEAD    130    /* Owner died */
+#define ENOTRECOVERABLE    131    /* State not recoverable */
+
+#define ERFKILL        132    /* Operation not possible due to RF-kill */
+
+#define EHWPOISON    133    /* Memory page has hardware error */
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_BEGIN
+
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD int* __errno() BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+
+
+
+BA_EXTERN_C_END
+
 #endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_ERRNO_H_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/stdlib/include/stdio.h

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ int vprintf(const char* BA_C_RESTRICT format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 int sprintf(char* BA_C_RESTRICT buffer, const char* BA_C_RESTRICT format, ...) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 int snprintf(char* BA_C_RESTRICT buffer, size_t bufferSize, const char* BA_C_RESTRICT format, ...) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT __attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)));
 int vsnprintf(char* BA_C_RESTRICT buffer, size_t bufferSize, const char* BA_C_RESTRICT format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+int vsprintf(char* BA_C_RESTRICT buffer, const char* BA_C_RESTRICT format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 
 int fclose(FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 int fflush(FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@ int fgetc(FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 FILE* fopen(const char* BA_C_RESTRICT filename, const char* BA_C_RESTRICT mode) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 char* fgets(char* buffer, int count, FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 int fprintf(FILE* BA_C_RESTRICT stream, const char* BA_C_RESTRICT format, ...) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
+int fputc(int ch, FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+int fputs(const char* BA_C_RESTRICT str, FILE* BA_C_RESTRICT stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 size_t fread(void* BA_C_RESTRICT buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE* BA_C_RESTRICT stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 int fseek(FILE* stream, long offset, int origin) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 long ftell(FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
@@ -49,6 +52,7 @@ int vfprintf(FILE* BA_C_RESTRICT stream, const char* BA_C_RESTRICT format, va_li
 
 inline int getc(FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT { return fgetc(stream); }
 inline int getchar() BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT { return fgetc(stdin); }
+inline int putc(int ch, FILE* stream) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT { return fputc(ch, stream); }
 
 BA_EXTERN_C_END
 

targets/_any/stdlib/include/stdlib.h

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ BA_CXX_NORETURN void exit(int exitCode) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 BA_CXX_NODISCARD char* getenv(const char* name) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 
 BA_CXX_NODISCARD int abs(int n) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
+BA_CXX_NODISCARD double atof(const char* str) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 BA_CXX_NODISCARD int atoi(const char* str) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;
 
 BA_CXX_NODISCARD void* calloc(size_t num, size_t size) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT;

targets/_any/stdlib/src/ctype.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#include <cstring>
+
+extern "C"
+{
+int isalnum(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return isdigit(ch) || isalpha(ch);
+}
+
+int isalpha(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return islower(ch) || isupper(ch);
+}
+
+int islower(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z';
+}
+
+int isupper(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z';
+}
+
+int isdigit(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return ch >= '0' && ch <= '9';
+}
+
+int isxdigit(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return isdigit(ch) || (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F');
+}
+
+int iscntrl(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return (ch >= 0x00 && ch <= 0x1F) || ch == 0x7F;
+}
+
+int isgraph(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return isalnum(ch) || ispunct(ch);
+}
+
+int isspace(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    static const char SPACE_CHARS[] = " \f\n\r\t\v";
+    return strchr(SPACE_CHARS, ch) != nullptr;
+}
+
+int isblank(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return ch == ' ' || ch == '\t';
+}
+
+int isprint(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return isgraph(ch) || isspace(ch);
+}
+
+int ispunct(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    static const char PUNCTUATION_CHARS[] = "!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~";
+    return strchr(PUNCTUATION_CHARS, ch) != nullptr;
+}
+
+int tolower(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return isupper(ch) ? (ch - 'A' + 'a') : ch;
+}
+
+int toupper(int ch) noexcept
+{
+    return islower(ch) ? (ch - 'a' + 'A') : ch;
+}
+}

targets/_any/stdlib/src/errno.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+#include <errno.h>
+
+namespace
+{
+constinit int gErrno = 0; // TODO: make this thread-local once there are threads
+}
+
+extern "C"
+{
+int* __errno() noexcept
+{
+    return &gErrno;
+}
+}

targets/_any/stdlib/src/stdio.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <bit>
+#include <limits>
 #include <string>
+#include <string_view>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include "os/tools/printf_helper.hpp"
 #include "os/tools/ringbuffer.hpp"
@@ -17,34 +20,64 @@
 struct __file
 {
 protected:
-    static constexpr unsigned BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;
-
-    baos::RingBuffer<char, BUFFER_SIZE> mBuffer;
     bool mEof = false;
     bool mError = false;
-protected:
-    virtual bool underflow() noexcept = 0;
 public:
     [[nodiscard]] bool isEof() const noexcept { return mEof; }
     [[nodiscard]] bool isError() const noexcept { return mError; }
 
-    bool readChar(char& outChar) noexcept
+    virtual bool readChar(char& outChar) noexcept { return false; }
+    virtual bool readLine(std::string& outLine) noexcept { return false; }
+};
+
+namespace
+{
+struct BufferPrinter
+{
+    char* pos = nullptr;
+    char* end = nullptr;
+
+    void putchar(int chr) noexcept // NOLINT
+    {
+        if (pos != end)
+        {
+            *pos = static_cast<char>(chr);
+            ++pos;
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+class InFile : public __file
+{
+protected:
+    static constexpr unsigned BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;
+
+    baos::RingBuffer<char, BUFFER_SIZE> mBuffer;
+protected:
+    virtual bool underflow() noexcept = 0;
+
+public:
+    bool readChar(char& outChar) noexcept override
+    {
+        while (!mBuffer.next(outChar))
+        {
+            if (!underflow())
             {
-        while (!mBuffer.next(outChar)) {
-            if (!underflow()) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
         return true;
     }
 
-    bool readLine(std::string& outLine) noexcept
+    bool readLine(std::string& outLine) noexcept override
     {
         outLine.clear();
-        while(true)
+        while (true)
+        {
+            while (mBuffer.empty())
+            {
+                if (!underflow())
                 {
-            while (mBuffer.empty()) {
-                if (!underflow()) {
                     return false;
                 }
             }
@@ -71,35 +104,46 @@ public:
                 return true;
             }
         }
+
     }
 };
 
-namespace
+class OutFile : public __file
 {
-struct RegularPrinter
+protected:
-{
+    static constexpr unsigned BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;
-    void putchar(int chr) noexcept // NOLINT
+
+    baos::RingBuffer<char, BUFFER_SIZE> mWriteBuffer;
+protected:
+    virtual void overflow() noexcept = 0;
+public:
+    void putChar(char chr) noexcept
     {
-        ::putchar(chr);
+        while (mWriteBuffer.full()) {
+            overflow();
+        }
+        mWriteBuffer.append(chr);
+        if (chr == '\n')
+        {
+            overflow();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void putString(std::string_view str) noexcept
+    {
+        for (char chr : str)
+        {
+            putChar(chr);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void flush() noexcept
+    {
+        overflow();
     }
 };
 
-struct BufferPrinter
+class StdinFile : public InFile
-{
-    char* pos = nullptr;
-    char* end = nullptr;
-
-    void putchar(int chr) noexcept // NOLINT
-    {
-        if (pos != end)
-        {
-            *pos = static_cast<char>(chr);
-            ++pos;
-        }
-    }
-};
-
-class StdinFile : public __file
 {
 public:
     bool underflow() noexcept override
@@ -114,49 +158,52 @@ public:
 #endif
     }
 };
+
+class StdoutFile : public OutFile
+{
+public:
+    void overflow() noexcept override
+    {
+        std::span<char> chars = mWriteBuffer.getAll();
+        if (!chars.empty())
+        {
+#if defined(__baos_kernel_source__)
+            serialWriteString(PORT_COM1, chars.data(), chars.size());
+            tty::write(chars.data(), chars.size());
+#else
+            baos::doSyscall(baos::Syscall::FILE_WRITE, 0, chars.data(), chars.size());
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+struct FilePrinter
+{
+    OutFile& file;
+
+    void putchar(int chr) noexcept
+    {
+        file.putChar(static_cast<char>(chr));
+    }
+};
+
 StdinFile gStdin;
+StdoutFile gStdout;
 }
 
 extern "C"
 {
 FILE* __stdin = &gStdin;
+FILE* __stdout = &gStdout;
 
-// TODO: line-buffering
 int putchar(int chr) noexcept
 {
-#if defined(__baos_kernel_source__)
+    return fputc(chr, stdout);
-    tty::putChar(static_cast<char>(chr));
-    if (chr == '\n')
-    {
-        serialWrite(PORT_COM1, '\r');
-        serialWrite(PORT_COM1, '\n');
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        serialWrite(PORT_COM1, static_cast<std::uint8_t>(chr));
-    }
-    return 0;
-#else
-    char asChar = static_cast<char>(chr);
-    baos::doSyscall(baos::Syscall::FILE_WRITE, 0, &asChar, 1);
-    return 0;
-#endif
 }
 
 int puts(const char* str) noexcept
 {
-#if defined(__baos_kernel_source__)
+    return fputs(str, stdout);
-    while (*str)
-    {
-        putchar(*str);
-        ++str;
-    }
-    putchar('\n');
-    return 0;
-#else
-    baos::doSyscall(baos::Syscall::FILE_WRITE, 0, str, std::strlen(str));
-    return 0;
-#endif
 }
 
 int printf(const char* format, ...) noexcept
@@ -168,9 +215,18 @@ int printf(const char* format, ...) noexcept
     return result;
 }
 
-int vprintf(const char* format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT
+int vprintf(const char* format, va_list vlist) noexcept
 {
-    return baos::PrintFHelper<RegularPrinter>().vprintf(format, vlist);
+    return vfprintf(stdout, format, vlist);
+}
+
+int sprintf(char* buffer, const char* format, ...) noexcept
+{
+    va_list parameters;
+    va_start(parameters, format);
+    const int result = vsprintf(buffer, format, parameters);
+    va_end(parameters);
+    return result;
 }
 
 int snprintf(char* buffer, size_t bufferSize, const char* format, ...) noexcept
@@ -196,6 +252,30 @@ int vsnprintf(char* buffer, size_t bufferSize, const char* format, va_list vlist
     return length;
 }
 
+int vsprintf(char* buffer, const char* format, va_list vlist) noexcept
+{
+    BufferPrinter printer{
+        .pos = buffer,
+        .end = std::bit_cast<char*>(std::numeric_limits<std::uintptr_t>::max())
+    };
+    const int length = baos::PrintFHelper(printer).vprintf(format, vlist);
+    buffer[length] = '\0';
+    return length;
+}
+
+int fclose(FILE* stream) noexcept
+{
+    (void) stream;
+    // TODO: implement
+    return EOF;
+}
+
+int fflush(FILE* stream) noexcept
+{
+    static_cast<OutFile*>(stream)->flush();
+    return stream->isError() ? EOF : 0;
+}
+
 int fgetc(FILE* stream) noexcept
 {
     char chr;
@@ -232,6 +312,32 @@ char* fgets(char* buffer, int count, FILE* stream) noexcept
     buffer[pos] = '\0';
     return buffer;
 }
+
+int fprintf(FILE* stream, const char* format, ...) noexcept
+{
+    va_list parameters;
+    va_start(parameters, format);
+    const int result = vfprintf(stream, format, parameters);
+    va_end(parameters);
+    return result;
+}
+
+int fputc(int ch, FILE* stream) noexcept
+{
+    static_cast<OutFile*>(stream)->putChar(static_cast<char>(ch));
+    return stream->isError() ? EOF : 0;
+}
+
+int fputs(const char* str, FILE* stream) noexcept
+{
+    static_cast<OutFile*>(stream)->putString(str);
+    return stream->isError() ? EOF : 0;
+}
+
+int vfprintf(FILE* stream, const char* format, va_list vlist) noexcept
+{
+    return baos::PrintFHelper(FilePrinter(*static_cast<OutFile*>(stream))).vprintf(format, vlist);
+}
 } // extern "C"
 
 namespace std

targets/_any/stdlib/src/string.cpp

@@ -58,6 +58,20 @@ void* memset(void* dest, int value, size_t count) noexcept
     return dest;
 }
 
+char* strchr(const char* str, int ch) noexcept
+{
+    for (const char* chr = str;; ++chr)
+    {
+        if (*chr == ch) {
+            return const_cast<char*>(chr);
+        }
+        ++chr;
+        if (!*chr) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 size_t strlen(const char* str) noexcept
 {
     size_t len = 0;