Added basic GDT and (very) basic IDT. And serial output.

bastl/include/array

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #define BAD_APPLE_OS_ARRAY_INCLUDED
 
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <initializer_list>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <utility>
 
@@ -141,6 +142,9 @@ public:
         }
     }
 };
+
+template<typename T, typename... U>
+array(T, U...) -> array<T, 1 + sizeof...(U)>;
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_ARRAY_INCLUDED)

bastl/include/bit

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_BIT_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_BIT_INCLUDED
+
+namespace std
+{
+template<typename TTo, typename TFrom>
+const TTo bit_cast(const TFrom& from) noexcept
+{
+    return __builtin_bit_cast(TTo, from);
+}
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_BIT_INCLUDED)

bastl/include/cstdint

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CSTDINT_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_CSTDINT_INCLUDED
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+namespace std
+{
+using ::int8_t;
+using ::int16_t;
+using ::int32_t;
+using ::int64_t;
+using ::uint8_t;
+using ::uint16_t;
+using ::uint32_t;
+using ::uint64_t;
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_CSTDINT_INCLUDED)

bastl/include/initializer_list

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_INITIALIZER_LIST_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_INITIALIZER_LIST_INCLUDED
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+namespace std
+{
+template<typename T>
+class initializer_list
+{
+public:
+    using value_type = T;
+    using reference = const value_type&;
+    using const_reference = const value_type&;
+    using iterator = const value_type*;
+    using const_iterator = const value_type*;
+private:
+    const T* _begin = nullptr;
+    std::size_t _size = 0;
+
+    constexpr initializer_list(T* begin, std::size_t size) noexcept : _begin(begin), _size(size) {}
+public:
+    constexpr initializer_list() noexcept = default;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const noexcept { return _size; }
+    [[nodiscard]] iterator begin() const noexcept { return _begin; }
+    [[nodiscard]] iterator end() const noexcept { return _begin + _size; }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+const T* begin(initializer_list<T> initList) noexcept
+{
+    return initList.begin();
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+const T* end(initializer_list<T> initList) noexcept
+{
+    return initList.end();
+}
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_INITIALIZER_LIST_INCLUDED)

os.log

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[=3h[=3h[=3hBdsDxe: loading Boot0001 "UEFI QEMU DVD-ROM QM00003 " from PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1,0x1)/Ata(Secondary,Master,0x0)
+BdsDxe: starting Boot0001 "UEFI QEMU DVD-ROM QM00003 " from PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1,0x1)/Ata(Secondary,Master,0x0)
+This is BadAppleOS and everything is fine!
+

targets/_any/include/os/serial.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_SERIAL_HPP_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_SERIAL_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM1 = 0x3F8;
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM2 = 0x2F8;
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM3 = 0x3E8;
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM4 = 0x2E8;
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM5 = 0x5F8;
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM6 = 0x4F8;
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM7 = 0x5E8;
+inline constexpr std::uint16_t PORT_COM8 = 0x4E8;
+
+inline void writePortByte(std::uint16_t port, std::uint8_t value) noexcept
+{
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+          "outb %0, %1"
+        :
+        : "a"(value), "Nd"(port)
+    );
+}
+
+inline std::uint8_t readPortByte(std::uint16_t port) noexcept
+{
+    std::uint8_t value = 0;
+    __asm__ __volatile__(
+          "inb %1, %0"
+        : "=a"(value)
+        : "Nd"(port)
+    );
+    return value;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] inline bool initSerialPort(std::uint16_t port) noexcept
+{
+    writePortByte(port + 1, 0x00);    // Disable all interrupts
+    writePortByte(port + 3, 0x80);    // Enable DLAB (set baud rate divisor)
+    writePortByte(port + 0, 0x03);    // Set divisor to 3 (lo byte) 38400 baud
+    writePortByte(port + 1, 0x00);    //                  (hi byte)
+    writePortByte(port + 3, 0x03);    // 8 bits, no parity, one stop bit
+    writePortByte(port + 2, 0xC7);    // Enable FIFO, clear them, with 14-byte threshold
+    writePortByte(port + 4, 0x0B);    // IRQs enabled, RTS/DSR set
+    writePortByte(port + 4, 0x1E);    // Set in loopback mode, test the serial chip
+    writePortByte(port + 0, 0xAE);    // Test serial chip (send byte 0xAE and check if serial returns same byte)
+
+    // Check if serial is faulty (i.e: not same byte as sent)
+    if(readPortByte(port + 0) != 0xAE) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // If serial is not faulty set it in normal operation mode
+    // (not-loopback with IRQs enabled and OUT#1 and OUT#2 bits enabled)
+    writePortByte(port + 4, 0x0F);
+    return true;
+}
+
+inline void serialWrite(std::uint16_t port, std::uint8_t data) noexcept
+{
+    while ((readPortByte(port + 5) & 0x20) == 0);
+    writePortByte(port, data);
+}
+
+inline void serialWriteString(std::uint16_t port, const char* str) noexcept
+{
+    while (*str)
+    {
+        serialWrite(port, *str);
+        ++str;
+    }
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_SERIAL_HPP_INCLUDED)

targets/_any/src/cstdlib/stdio.cpp

@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <stdarg.h>
+#include "os/serial.hpp"
 #include "os/tty.hpp"
 
 extern "C"
 {
 namespace
 {
-int printInt(int value)
+
+int printInt(long value)
 {
     if (value == 0)
     {
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ int printInt(int value)
         return printInt(-value) + 1;
     }
 
-    char digits[10]; // 2147483647 has 10 digits
+    char digits[19]; // 9223372036854775807 has 10 digits
     char* pos = &digits[0];
 
     while (value > 0)
@@ -131,13 +133,26 @@ int printByteSize(size_t bytes)
 int putchar(int chr) noexcept
 {
     tty::putChar(static_cast<char>(chr));
+    if (chr == '\n')
+    {
+        serialWrite(PORT_COM1, '\r');
+        serialWrite(PORT_COM1, '\n');
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        serialWrite(PORT_COM1, static_cast<std::uint8_t>(chr));
+    }
     return 0;
 }
 
 int puts(const char* str) noexcept
 {
-    tty::write(str);
+    while (*str)
-    tty::putChar('\n');
+    {
+        putchar(*str);
+        ++str;
+    }
+    putchar('\n');
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -191,6 +206,23 @@ int vprintf(const char* format, va_list vlist) BA_CXX_NOEXCEPT
                 case 'X':
                     result += printHexInt(va_arg(vlist, unsigned));
                     break;
+                case 'l':
+                    ++pos;
+                    switch (*pos)
+                    {
+                        case '\0':
+                            assert(!"Invalid format string, ends with %l.");
+                            return -1;
+                        case 'd':
+                            result += printInt(va_arg(vlist, long));
+                            break;
+                        case 'X':
+                            result += printHexInt(va_arg(vlist, unsigned long));
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            return -1;
+                    }
+                    break;
                 default:
                     assert(!"Invalid format string, unknown format identifier.");
                     return -1;

targets/x86_64/src/kernel/boot.s

@@ -3,34 +3,41 @@
 .section .bss
 .align 16
 stack_bottom:
-.skip 16384 # 16 KiB
+    .skip 16384 # 16 KiB
 stack_top:
 
+.align 16
+__gdt_storage:
+    .word 0 // limit
+    .quad 0 // base
+
+.align 16
+__idt_storage:
+    .word 0 // limit
+    .quad 0 // base
+
 // kernel entry point
 .section .text
 .global _start
 .type _start, @function
 _start:
+    // clear interrupts, the kernel will enable them once it is done initializing
+    cli
+
     // store the memory map
     mov %rbx, (gBootInfo)
 
 	// setup stack
 	mov $stack_top, %rsp
 
+    // init runtime
 	call _init
 
 	// enter high-level kernel
 	call kernel_main
 
-//	// call the destructors
+    // cleanup runtime
-//	mov $start_dtors, %ebx
+	call _fini
-//	jmp .dtors_loop_end
-//.dtors_loop_start:
-//    call *(%ebx)
-//    add 4, %ebx
-//.dtors_loop_end:
-//    cmp $end_dtors, %ebx
-//    jb .dtors_loop_start
 
 	// We are done. Clear interrupts and halt.
 	cli
@@ -38,6 +45,24 @@ _start:
 	hlt
 	jmp .kernel_end
 
+.global __setGDT
+.type __setGDT @function
+// void __setGDT(uint16_t limit [%di], void* base [%rsi])
+__setGDT:
+    movw %di, __gdt_storage
+    movq %rsi, (__gdt_storage + 2)
+    lgdt __gdt_storage
+    ret
+
+.global __setIDT
+.type __setIDT @function
+// void __setIDT(uint16_t limit [%di], void* base [%rsi])
+__setIDT:
+    movw %di, __idt_storage
+    movq %rsi, (__idt_storage + 2)
+    lidt __idt_storage
+    ret
+
 /*
 Set the size of the _start symbol to the current location '.' minus its start.
 This is useful when debugging or when you implement call tracing.

targets/x86_64/src/kernel/multiboot.h

@@ -1,274 +0,0 @@
-/* multiboot.h - Multiboot header file. */
-/* Copyright (C) 1999,2003,2007,2008,2009,2010  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- *
- *  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- *  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
- *  deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
- *  rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
- *  sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- *  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- *  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- *  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- *  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- *  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- *  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY
- *  DEVELOPER OR DISTRIBUTOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
- *  WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR
- *  IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#ifndef MULTIBOOT_HEADER
-#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER 1
-
-/* How many bytes from the start of the file we search for the header. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_SEARCH                        8192
-#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_ALIGN                  4
-
-/* The magic field should contain this. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_MAGIC                  0x1BADB002
-
-/* This should be in %eax. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC              0x2BADB002
-
-/* Alignment of multiboot modules. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_MOD_ALIGN                     0x00001000
-
-/* Alignment of the multiboot info structure. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_ALIGN                    0x00000004
-
-/* Flags set in the ’flags’ member of the multiboot header. */
-
-/* Align all boot modules on i386 page (4KB) boundaries. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_PAGE_ALIGN                    0x00000001
-
-/* Must pass memory information to OS. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_INFO                   0x00000002
-
-/* Must pass video information to OS. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_VIDEO_MODE                    0x00000004
-
-/* This flag indicates the use of the address fields in the header. */
-#define MULTIBOOT_AOUT_KLUDGE                   0x00010000
-
-/* Flags to be set in the ’flags’ member of the multiboot info structure. */
-
-/* is there basic lower/upper memory information? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_MEMORY                   0x00000001
-/* is there a boot device set? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_BOOTDEV                  0x00000002
-/* is the command-line defined? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_CMDLINE                  0x00000004
-/* are there modules to do something with? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_MODS                     0x00000008
-
-/* These next two are mutually exclusive */
-
-/* is there a symbol table loaded? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_AOUT_SYMS                0x00000010
-/* is there an ELF section header table? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_ELF_SHDR                 0X00000020
-
-/* is there a full memory map? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_MEM_MAP                  0x00000040
-
-/* Is there drive info? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_DRIVE_INFO               0x00000080
-
-/* Is there a config table? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_CONFIG_TABLE             0x00000100
-
-/* Is there a boot loader name? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_BOOT_LOADER_NAME         0x00000200
-
-/* Is there a APM table? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_APM_TABLE                0x00000400
-
-/* Is there video information? */
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_VBE_INFO                 0x00000800
-#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_FRAMEBUFFER_INFO         0x00001000
-
-#ifndef ASM_FILE
-
-typedef unsigned char           multiboot_uint8_t;
-typedef unsigned short          multiboot_uint16_t;
-typedef unsigned int            multiboot_uint32_t;
-typedef unsigned long long      multiboot_uint64_t;
-
-struct multiboot_header
-{
-    /* Must be MULTIBOOT_MAGIC - see above. */
-    multiboot_uint32_t magic;
-
-    /* Feature flags. */
-    multiboot_uint32_t flags;
-
-    /* The above fields plus this one must equal 0 mod 2^32. */
-    multiboot_uint32_t checksum;
-
-    /* These are only valid if MULTIBOOT_AOUT_KLUDGE is set. */
-    multiboot_uint32_t header_addr;
-    multiboot_uint32_t load_addr;
-    multiboot_uint32_t load_end_addr;
-    multiboot_uint32_t bss_end_addr;
-    multiboot_uint32_t entry_addr;
-
-    /* These are only valid if MULTIBOOT_VIDEO_MODE is set. */
-    multiboot_uint32_t mode_type;
-    multiboot_uint32_t width;
-    multiboot_uint32_t height;
-    multiboot_uint32_t depth;
-};
-
-/* The symbol table for a.out. */
-struct multiboot_aout_symbol_table
-{
-    multiboot_uint32_t tabsize;
-    multiboot_uint32_t strsize;
-    multiboot_uint32_t addr;
-    multiboot_uint32_t reserved;
-};
-typedef struct multiboot_aout_symbol_table multiboot_aout_symbol_table_t;
-
-/* The section header table for ELF. */
-struct multiboot_elf_section_header_table
-{
-    multiboot_uint32_t num;
-    multiboot_uint32_t size;
-    multiboot_uint32_t addr;
-    multiboot_uint32_t shndx;
-};
-typedef struct multiboot_elf_section_header_table multiboot_elf_section_header_table_t;
-
-struct multiboot_info
-{
-    /* Multiboot info version number */
-    multiboot_uint32_t flags;
-
-    /* Available memory from BIOS */
-    multiboot_uint32_t mem_lower;
-    multiboot_uint32_t mem_upper;
-
-    /* "root" partition */
-    multiboot_uint32_t boot_device;
-
-    /* Kernel command line */
-    multiboot_uint32_t cmdline;
-
-    /* Boot-Module list */
-    multiboot_uint32_t mods_count;
-    multiboot_uint32_t mods_addr;
-
-    union
-    {
-        multiboot_aout_symbol_table_t aout_sym;
-        multiboot_elf_section_header_table_t elf_sec;
-    } u;
-
-    /* Memory Mapping buffer */
-    multiboot_uint32_t mmap_length;
-    multiboot_uint32_t mmap_addr;
-
-    /* Drive Info buffer */
-    multiboot_uint32_t drives_length;
-    multiboot_uint32_t drives_addr;
-
-    /* ROM configuration table */
-    multiboot_uint32_t config_table;
-
-    /* Boot Loader Name */
-    multiboot_uint32_t boot_loader_name;
-
-    /* APM table */
-    multiboot_uint32_t apm_table;
-
-    /* Video */
-    multiboot_uint32_t vbe_control_info;
-    multiboot_uint32_t vbe_mode_info;
-    multiboot_uint16_t vbe_mode;
-    multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_seg;
-    multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_off;
-    multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_len;
-
-    multiboot_uint64_t framebuffer_addr;
-    multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_pitch;
-    multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_width;
-    multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_height;
-    multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_bpp;
-#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_INDEXED 0
-#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_RGB     1
-#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_EGA_TEXT     2
-    multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_type;
-    union
-    {
-        struct
-        {
-            multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_palette_addr;
-            multiboot_uint16_t framebuffer_palette_num_colors;
-        };
-        struct
-        {
-            multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_red_field_position;
-            multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_red_mask_size;
-            multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_green_field_position;
-            multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_green_mask_size;
-            multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_blue_field_position;
-            multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_blue_mask_size;
-        };
-    };
-};
-typedef struct multiboot_info multiboot_info_t;
-
-struct multiboot_color
-{
-    multiboot_uint8_t red;
-    multiboot_uint8_t green;
-    multiboot_uint8_t blue;
-};
-
-struct multiboot_mmap_entry
-{
-    multiboot_uint32_t size;
-    multiboot_uint64_t addr;
-    multiboot_uint64_t len;
-#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_AVAILABLE              1
-#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_RESERVED               2
-#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_ACPI_RECLAIMABLE       3
-#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_NVS                    4
-#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_BADRAM                 5
-    multiboot_uint32_t type;
-} __attribute__((packed));
-typedef struct multiboot_mmap_entry multiboot_memory_map_t;
-
-struct multiboot_mod_list
-{
-    /* the memory used goes from bytes ’mod_start’ to ’mod_end-1’ inclusive */
-    multiboot_uint32_t mod_start;
-    multiboot_uint32_t mod_end;
-
-    /* Module command line */
-    multiboot_uint32_t cmdline;
-
-    /* padding to take it to 16 bytes (must be zero) */
-    multiboot_uint32_t pad;
-};
-typedef struct multiboot_mod_list multiboot_module_t;
-
-/* APM BIOS info. */
-struct multiboot_apm_info
-{
-    multiboot_uint16_t version;
-    multiboot_uint16_t cseg;
-    multiboot_uint32_t offset;
-    multiboot_uint16_t cseg_16;
-    multiboot_uint16_t dseg;
-    multiboot_uint16_t flags;
-    multiboot_uint16_t cseg_len;
-    multiboot_uint16_t cseg_16_len;
-    multiboot_uint16_t dseg_len;
-};
-
-#endif /* ! ASM_FILE */
-
-#endif /* ! MULTIBOOT_HEADER */

targets/x86_64/src/kernel/startup.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <cstring>
 #include "boot.hpp"
 
+#include <bit>
+#include <cstdio>
+
 #include "os/draw.hpp"
+#include "os/serial.hpp"
 #include "os/tty.hpp"
+#include "./x86_64.hpp"
 
 extern "C" int gKernelEnd;
 
@@ -82,18 +85,48 @@ void initGlobals()
         (*initFunc)();
     }
 }
+
+constinit std::array GDT alignas(16) = {
+    SEGMENT_NULL,
+    SEGMENT_KERNEL_CODE,
+    SEGMENT_KERNEL_DATA,
+    SEGMENT_USER_CODE,
+    SEGMENT_USER_DATA
+};
+
+constinit std::array<InterruptDescriptor, 256> IDT alignas(16);
+extern "C" void __setGDT(uint16_t limit, void* base);
+extern "C" void __setIDT(uint16_t limit, void* base);
+
+void setupInterrupt(std::uint8_t index, void* handler, std::uint8_t flags) noexcept
+{
+    const std::uint64_t offset = std::bit_cast<std::uint64_t>(handler);
+    IDT[index] = InterruptDescriptor{
+        .offsetLow = static_cast<unsigned>(offset & 0xFFFF),
+        .selector = 1, // kernel code
+        .interruptStackTable = 0,
+        .gateType = InterruptGateType::INTERRUPT_GATE,
+        .privilegeLevel = 0,
+        .present = true,
+        .offsetHigh = (offset >> 16)
+    };
+}
 }
 
 extern "C"
 {
 EfiBootInfo* gBootInfo;
 
-void _init();
-void _fini();
 void main();
 
 void kernel_main()
 {
+    __setGDT(sizeof(GDT), &GDT);
+    __setIDT(sizeof(IDT), &IDT);
+
+    // done initializing OS stuff, enable interrupts
+    __asm__ __volatile__("sti");
+
     initGlobals();
 
     // init the heap (required for the double buffer)
@@ -110,32 +143,15 @@ void kernel_main()
 	// initialize terminal interface
 	tty::initialize();
 
-    // std::printf("Kernel End: %p\n", &gKernelEnd);
+    if (!initSerialPort(PORT_COM1))
-    uint8_t test[10] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
-    uint8_t dest[10] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
-    std::memcpy(&dest[1], &test[3], 2);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < 400; ++i)
     {
-        std::printf("Hello font %d!\n", i);
+        tty::write("Error initializing serial port.\n");
+        return;
     }
-#if 0
+    serialWriteString(PORT_COM1, "\r\n\r\n"); // write newlines to separate from UEFI output
-    for (int x = 0; x < 100; ++x)
-    {
-        for (int y = 0; y < 100; ++y)
-        {
-            draw::setPixelDirect(x, y, {.red = 255});
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-    //draw::flushPixels();
 
-    /* Initialize the heap */
+    std::puts("This is BadAppleOS and everything is fine!\n");
-    // assert(gMultibootHeader->flags & MULTIBOOT_INFO_MEM_MAP);
-    // initHeapFromMultibootHeader(gMultibootHeader->mmap_addr, gMultibootHeader->mmap_length);
 
     main();
-
-    _fini();
 }
 } // extern "C"

targets/x86_64/src/kernel/x86_64.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_X86_64_HPP_INCLUDED)
+#define BAD_APPLE_OS_X86_64_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+// --- Segments --- //
+
+enum class SegmentDescriptorType
+{
+    SYSTEM = 0,
+    OTHER = 1
+};
+
+enum class SegmentGranularity
+{
+    BYTE = 0,
+    PAGE = 1
+};
+
+inline const unsigned LIMIT_MAX = 0xFFFFF;
+
+enum class SystemSegmentType
+{
+    TSS_16_AVAILABLE = 1,
+    LDT = 2,
+    TSS_16_USED = 3,
+    CALL_GATE_16 = 4,
+    TASK_GATE = 5,
+    INTERRUPT_GATE_16 = 6,
+    TRAP_GATE_16 = 7,
+    TSS_32_AVAILABLE = 9,
+    TSS_32_USED = 11,
+    CALL_GATE_32 = 12,
+    INTERRUPT_GATE_32 = 14,
+    TRAP_GATE_32 = 15
+};
+
+struct UserDataSegment
+{
+    bool expandDown : 1 = 0;
+    bool writable : 1 = 0;
+    bool accessed : 1 = 0;
+
+    constexpr operator unsigned() const noexcept
+    {
+        return (expandDown << 2) | (writable << 1) | (accessed << 0);
+    }
+};
+
+struct UserCodeSegment
+{
+    bool conforming : 1 = 0;
+    bool readable : 1 = 0;
+    bool accessed : 1 = 0;
+
+    constexpr operator unsigned() const noexcept
+    {
+        return 0b1000 | (conforming << 2) | (readable << 1) | (accessed << 0);
+    }
+};
+
+struct SegmentDescriptor
+{
+    /*  0 */ unsigned limitLow : 16 = 0;
+    /* 16 */ unsigned baseLow : 24 = 0;
+    /* 40 */ unsigned type : 4 = 0;
+    /* 44 */ SegmentDescriptorType descType : 1 = SegmentDescriptorType::SYSTEM;
+    /* 45 */ unsigned privilegeLevel : 2 = 0;
+    /* 47 */ bool present : 1 = false;
+    /* 48 */ unsigned limitHigh : 4 = 0;
+    /* 52 */ bool available : 1 = 0;
+    /* 53 */ bool long_ : 1 = 0;
+    /* 54 */ bool big : 1 = 0;
+    /* 55 */ SegmentGranularity granularity : 1 = SegmentGranularity::BYTE;
+    /* 56 */ unsigned baseHigh : 8 = 0;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+inline constexpr const SegmentDescriptor SEGMENT_NULL = {};
+
+inline constexpr const SegmentDescriptor SEGMENT_KERNEL_CODE = {
+    .limitLow = 0xFFFF,
+    .baseLow = 0,
+    .type = UserCodeSegment{
+        .readable = true
+    },
+    .descType = SegmentDescriptorType::OTHER,
+    .privilegeLevel = 0,
+    .present = true,
+    .limitHigh = 0xF,
+    .long_ = true,
+    .big = false,
+    .granularity = SegmentGranularity::PAGE,
+    .baseHigh = 0,
+};
+
+inline constexpr const SegmentDescriptor SEGMENT_KERNEL_DATA = {
+    .limitLow = 0xFFFF,
+    .baseLow = 0,
+    .type = UserDataSegment{
+        .writable = true
+    },
+    .descType = SegmentDescriptorType::OTHER,
+    .privilegeLevel = 0,
+    .present = true,
+    .limitHigh = 0xF,
+    .long_ = true,
+    .big = false,
+    .granularity = SegmentGranularity::PAGE,
+    .baseHigh = 0,
+};
+
+inline constexpr const SegmentDescriptor SEGMENT_USER_CODE = {
+    .limitLow = 0xFFFF,
+    .baseLow = 0,
+    .type = UserCodeSegment{
+        .readable = true
+    },
+    .descType = SegmentDescriptorType::OTHER,
+    .privilegeLevel = 3,
+    .present = true,
+    .limitHigh = 0xF,
+    .long_ = true,
+    .big = false,
+    .granularity = SegmentGranularity::PAGE,
+    .baseHigh = 0,
+};
+
+inline constexpr const SegmentDescriptor SEGMENT_USER_DATA = {
+    .limitLow = 0xFFFF,
+    .baseLow = 0,
+    .type = UserDataSegment{
+        .writable = true
+    },
+    .descType = SegmentDescriptorType::OTHER,
+    .privilegeLevel = 3,
+    .present = true,
+    .limitHigh = 0xF,
+    .long_ = true,
+    .big = false,
+    .granularity = SegmentGranularity::PAGE,
+    .baseHigh = 0,
+};
+
+// --- Interrupts --- //
+
+enum class InterruptGateType
+{
+    INTERRUPT_GATE = 0xE,
+    TRAP_GATE = 0xF
+};
+
+struct InterruptDescriptor
+{
+    /*  0 */ unsigned offsetLow : 16 = 0;
+    /* 16 */ unsigned selector : 16 = 0;
+    /* 32 */ unsigned interruptStackTable : 3 = 0;
+    /* 35 */ unsigned reserved0_ : 5 = 0;
+    /* 40 */ InterruptGateType gateType : 4 = InterruptGateType::INTERRUPT_GATE;
+    /* 44 */ unsigned reserved1_ : 1 = 0;
+    /* 45 */ unsigned privilegeLevel : 2 = 0;
+    /* 47 */ bool present : 1 = 0;
+    /* 48 */ unsigned long offsetHigh : 48 = 0;
+    /* 96 */ unsigned reserved2_ : 32 = 0;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+#endif // !defined(BAD_APPLE_OS_X86_64_HPP_INCLUDED)