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These changes cause 16-bit arithmetic to be used for 8-bit data in the gamma
corrected compose and grayscale operations. The arithmetic errors have
three sources all of which are fixed in this commit:
1) 8-bit linear calculations produce massive errors for lower intensity
values.
2) The old 16-bit "16 to 8" gamma table code erroneously wrote the lowest
output value into a table entry which corresponded to multiple output
values (so where the value written should have been the closest to the
transformed input value.)
3) In a number of cases the code to access the 16-bit table did not round;
it did a simple shift, which was wrong and made the side effects of (2)
even worse.
The new gamma code does not have the 16-to-8 problem at the cost of slighly
more calculations and the algorithm used to minimize the number of
calculations has been extended to all the 16-bit tables; it has advantages
for any significant gamma correction.
This "contrib" directory contains contributions which are not necessarily under the libpng license, although all are open source. They are not part of libpng proper and are not used for building the library.