Merge branch 'develop'

.gitignore

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ lib/
 *.ninja*
 CMakeCache.txt
 CMakeFiles/
+cmake-build-debug/
 .idea/
 cmake_install.cmake
 *.DS_Store

.travis.yml

@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@ matrix:
             - libx11-dev
             - libxft-dev
             - libboost-filesystem-dev
+            - libboost-system-dev
+            - libboost-thread-dev
+            - libboost-chrono-dev
           sources: 
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
             
@@ -56,7 +59,7 @@ matrix:
             - llvm-toolchain-precise 
 
 before_install:
-  - git clone --depth=1 --branch=develop https://github.com/qPCR4vir/nana-demo.git ../nana-demo
+  - git clone --depth=1 --branch=hotfix-1.5 https://github.com/qPCR4vir/nana-demo.git ../nana-demo
   - export PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
   #- mkdir ~/bin #it seemd that a bin already exists from 20170901 
   - wget --no-check-certificate --no-clobber -O /tmp/tools/cmake https://cmake.org/files/v3.4/cmake-3.4.0-rc3-Linux-x86_64.sh || true
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@ script:
   # we are in "... nana/../nana_lib/bin/" we need "../../nana" to get the CMakeList.txt of nana.
   # Thus, make install will put the nana.lib in "... nana/../nana_lib/lib/"
   # and the includes in "... nana/../nana_lib/include/"
-  - cmake -G"Unix Makefiles" ../../nana -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=.. -DNANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_JPEG=ON -DNANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_PNG=OFF -DNANA_CMAKE_BUILD_DEMOS=ON -DNANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_AUDIO=OFF -DNANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM=ON -DNANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE=OFF  -DNANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING=ON
+  - cmake -G"Unix Makefiles" ../../nana -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=.. -DNANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_JPEG=ON -DNANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_PNG=OFF -DNANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_AUDIO=OFF -DNANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM=ON -DNANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE=OFF  -DNANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING=ON
   - make install
   - ls
   - cd ..

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 # CMake configuration for Nana
 # Author: Andrew Kornilov(https://github.com/ierofant)
 # Contributors:
-#   Jinhao	
+#   Jinhao
 #   Robert Hauck - Enable support for PNG/Freetype
 #   Qiangqiang Wu - Add biicode support
-#   Ariel Vina-Rodriguez (qPCR4vir) 
+#   Ariel Vina-Rodriguez (qPCR4vir)
+#	Pavel O. - fix compilation with boost::filesystem (#281)
+#   Frostbane - Add option for compiling a shared library (#263,#265)
 #
 # Nana uses some build systems: MS-VS solution, MAKE, bakefile, codeblock, etc. manually optimized.
 # In the future CMake could be the prefered, and maybe will be used to generate the others and the central nana repo
@@ -30,9 +32,11 @@ option(NANA_CMAKE_LIBPNG_FROM_OS "Use libpng from operating system." ON)
 option(NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_JPEG "Enable the use of JPEG" OFF)
 option(NANA_CMAKE_LIBJPEG_FROM_OS "Use libjpeg from operating system." ON)
 option(NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_AUDIO "Enable class audio::play for PCM playback." OFF)
+option(NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB "Compile nana as a shared library." OFF)
 option(NANA_CMAKE_VERBOSE_PREPROCESSOR "Show annoying debug messages during compilation." ON)
 option(NANA_CMAKE_STOP_VERBOSE_PREPROCESSOR "Stop compilation after showing the annoying debug messages." OFF)
 option(NANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING "Activate automatic GUI testing?" OFF)
+option(NANA_CLION "Activate some CLion specific workarounds" OFF)
 
 # The ISO C++ File System Technical Specification (ISO-TS, or STD) is optional.
 #              http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4100.pdf
@@ -45,7 +49,7 @@ option(NANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING "Activate automatic GUI testing?" OFF)
 # By default Nana will try to use the STD. If STD is not available and NANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM
 # is set to ON nana will try to use boost if available. Nana own implementation will be use if none of
 # the previus were selected or available.
-# You can change that default if you change one of the following 
+# You can change that default if you change one of the following
 # (please don't define more than one of the _XX_FORCE options):
 option(NANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM "Search: Is Boost filesystem available?" OFF)
 option(NANA_CMAKE_NANA_FILESYSTEM_FORCE "Force nana filesystem over ISO and boost?" OFF)
@@ -62,11 +66,12 @@ if(POLICY CMP0004)    # ignore leading space
   cmake_policy(SET CMP0004 OLD)
 endif()
 
+set(CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX "_d")
+
 ########### OS
 
 if(WIN32)
     add_definitions(-DWIN32)
-    set(CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX "_d")
     #Global MSVC definitions. You may prefer the hand-tuned sln and projects from the nana repository.
     if(MSVC)
         option(MSVC_USE_MP "Set to ON to build nana with the /MP option (Visual Studio 2005 and above)." ON)
@@ -96,8 +101,24 @@ if(WIN32)
             add_definitions(-DNANA_ENABLE_MINGW_STD_THREADS_WITH_MEGANZ)
         endif(NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_MINGW_STD_THREADS_WITH_MEGANZ)
     endif(MINGW)
+
+    if (MSVC)
+        set (DLLTOOL OFF)
+    else ()
+        # mingw: If dlltool is found the def and lib file will be created
+        message (STATUS "Detecting dlltool")
+        find_program (DLLTOOL dlltool)
+        if (DLLTOOL)
+            message (STATUS "Found dlltool: ${DLLTOOL}")
+        else ()
+            message (WARNING "dlltool not found. Skipping import library generation.")
+        endif (DLLTOOL)
+    endif (MSVC)
+
 endif(WIN32)
 
+
+
 if(APPLE)
     add_definitions(-DAPPLE)
     include_directories(/opt/X11/include/)
@@ -105,7 +126,7 @@ if(APPLE)
     set(ENABLE_AUDIO OFF)
 elseif(UNIX)
     add_definitions(-Dlinux)
-	message("added -D linux")
+    message("added -D linux")
 endif(APPLE)
 
 if(UNIX)
@@ -121,35 +142,47 @@ endif(UNIX)
 ########### Compilers
 #
 # Using gcc: gcc 4.8 don't support C++14 and make_unique. You may want to update at least to 4.9.
-# In Windows, the gcc which come with CLion was 4.8 from MinGW. You may want to install MinGW-w64 from the
-# TDM-GCC Compiler Suite for Windows which will update you to gcc 5.1.
 # gcc 5.3 and 5.4 include filesytem, but you need to add the link flag: -lstdc++fs
 #
+# In Windows, the gcc which come with CLion was 4.8 from MinGW.
+# CLion was updated to MinGW with gcc 6.3 ? Allways check this in File/Settings.../toolchains
+# You could install MinGW-w64 from the TDM-GCC Compiler Suite for Windows which will update you to gcc 5.1.
+# It is posible to follow https://computingabdn.com/softech/mingw-howto-install-gcc-for-windows/
+# and install MinGW with gcc 7.1 with has STD_THREADS and fs, from: https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/files/
+#
+#
 # see at end of:  https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html
 if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang")    # Clang || GNU
 
     if  ("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang")
-	 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=gnu++14 -Wall -g")       # Clang
+     set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=gnu++14 -Wall -g")       # Clang
-	
+
     else ("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang")
-          set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++14  -Wall -g")       # GNU 
+          set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++14  -Wall -g")       # GNU
-          
+
     endif("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang")
 
 endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang")
 
 # enable static linkage     # GNU || CLang not MinGW
 if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang") #  AND NOT MINGW
-    # set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libgcc -static-libstdc++  -pthread")
+
-    list(APPEND NANA_LINKS -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -pthread)
+    if(NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB)
-    # message("Setting NANA_LINKS to -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++  -pthread or ${NANA_LINKS}")
+        list(APPEND NANA_LINKS -lgcc -lstdc++ -pthread)
+    else()
+        set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libgcc -static-libstdc++  -pthread")
+        # message("Setting NANA_LINKS to -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++  -pthread or ${NANA_LINKS}")
+    endif(NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB)
+
     if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 5.3)
-	                                                                     # IS_GNUCXX < 5.3
+                                                                         # IS_GNUCXX < 5.3
     else(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 5.3)
-       # set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -lstdc++fs")    # IS_GNUCXX 5.3 or more
+
-       list(APPEND NANA_LINKS -lstdc++fs)
+        # set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -lstdc++fs")    # IS_GNUCXX 5.3 or more
+        list(APPEND NANA_LINKS -lstdc++fs)
+
     endif(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 5.3)
-    
+
 endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang") #  AND NOT MINGW
 
 
@@ -163,14 +196,16 @@ endif ()
 
 # Find PNG
 if(NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_PNG)
-    add_definitions(-DNANA_ENABLE_PNG)
     if(NANA_CMAKE_LIBPNG_FROM_OS)
         find_package(PNG)
         if (PNG_FOUND)
             include_directories( ${PNG_INCLUDE_DIRS})
             list(APPEND NANA_LINKS ${PNG_LIBRARIES})
-            add_definitions(-DUSE_LIBPNG_FROM_OS)
+            add_definitions("-DNANA_ENABLE_PNG"
+                            "-DUSE_LIBPNG_FROM_OS")
         endif(PNG_FOUND)
+    else()
+        add_definitions(-DNANA_ENABLE_PNG)
     endif(NANA_CMAKE_LIBPNG_FROM_OS)
 endif(NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_PNG)
 
@@ -182,8 +217,11 @@ if(NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_JPEG)
         if (JPEG_FOUND)
             include_directories( ${JPEG_INCLUDE_DIR})
             list(APPEND NANA_LINKS ${JPEG_LIBRARY})
-            add_definitions(-DUSE_LIBJPEG_FROM_OS)
+            add_definitions("-DNANA_ENABLE_JPEG"
+                            "-DUSE_LIBJPEG_FROM_OS")
         endif(JPEG_FOUND)
+    else()
+        add_definitions(-DNANA_ENABLE_JPEG)
     endif(NANA_CMAKE_LIBJPEG_FROM_OS)
 endif(NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_JPEG)
 
@@ -208,7 +246,7 @@ elseif (NANA_CMAKE_STD_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
     add_definitions(-DSTD_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
 elseif (NANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM OR NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
     if (NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
-        add_definitions(-DNANA_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
+        add_definitions(-DBOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
     endif(NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
     # https://cmake.org/cmake/help/git-master/module/FindBoost.html
     # Implicit dependencies such as Boost::filesystem requiring Boost::system will be automatically detected and satisfied,
@@ -216,7 +254,7 @@ elseif (NANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM OR NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE)
     # If using Boost::thread, then Thread::Thread will also be added automatically.
     find_package(Boost COMPONENTS filesystem)
     if (Boost_FOUND)
-        add_definitions(-DNANA_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_AVAILABLE)
+        add_definitions(-DBOOST_FILESYSTEM_AVAILABLE)
         include_directories(SYSTEM "${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR}")
         list(APPEND NANA_LINKS ${Boost_LIBRARIES})    ######  FIRST !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!    add   is not first
     endif (Boost_FOUND)
@@ -232,8 +270,8 @@ if(NANA_CMAKE_VERBOSE_PREPROCESSOR)
     add_definitions(-DVERBOSE_PREPROCESSOR)
 endif(NANA_CMAKE_VERBOSE_PREPROCESSOR)
 if(NANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING)
-	 add_definitions(-DNANA_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING)
+     add_definitions(-DNANA_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING)
-	 enable_testing ()
+     enable_testing ()
 endif(NANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING)
 
 
@@ -266,7 +304,16 @@ foreach(subdir ${NANA_SOURCE_SUBDIRS})
         # message("Subir:  ${subdir}") # message("Files:  ${sources}")
 endforeach(subdir ${NANA_SOURCE_SUBDIRS})
 
-add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} ${sources} )
+if ("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "GNU")
+    add_definitions(-fmax-errors=3)
+endif ("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "GNU")
+
+if(NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB)
+    add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} SHARED ${sources} )
+else()
+    add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} STATIC ${sources} )
+endif(NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB)
+
 target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC ${NANA_INCLUDE_DIR})
 target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${NANA_LINKS}) 
 
@@ -275,33 +322,79 @@ target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${NANA_LINKS})
 
 # Installing: the static "nana lib" will be in DESTDIR/CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX/lib/
 # and the includes files "include/nana/" in DESTDIR/CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX/include/nana/
+# unfortunatelly install() is still ignored by CLion:
+# https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/205822949-CMake-install-isn-t-supported-
 install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME}   ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
-                                  LIBRARY DESTINATION lib)
+                                  LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
-message("The compiled Nana library will be installed in ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib")
+                                  RUNTIME DESTINATION bin)
-# Install the include directories too.
+
-if(NANA_CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDES)
+# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33788729/how-do-i-get-clion-to-run-an-install-target
-	install(DIRECTORY ${NANA_INCLUDE_DIR}/nana DESTINATION include )
+if(NANA_CLION) # the Clion IDE don't reconize the install target
-    message("The Nana include files will be installed in ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include")
+    add_custom_target(install_${PROJECT_NAME}
-endif(NANA_CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDES)
+            $(MAKE) install
+            DEPENDS ${PROJECT_NAME}
+            COMMENT "Installing ${PROJECT_NAME}")
+endif()
 
 set_property( TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 14 )
 
+if (NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB)
+    if (WIN32)
+        set (CMAKE_WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
+
+        if (DLLTOOL)
+            #message(STATUS "CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR = ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")
+
+            #generate the lib and def files needed by msvc
+            set_target_properties (${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "${PROJECT_NAME}"
+                                                   ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_NAME    "${PROJECT_NAME}"
+                                                   LINK_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT} -Wl,--output-def=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/lib${PROJECT_NAME}.def")
+
+            add_custom_command(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME} POST_BUILD
+                               WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                               COMMAND echo "       Generating import library"
+                               COMMAND "${DLLTOOL}" --dllname    "lib${PROJECT_NAME}.dll"
+                                                    --input-def  "lib${PROJECT_NAME}.def"
+                                                    --output-lib "lib${PROJECT_NAME}.lib")
+
+            install(FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/lib${PROJECT_NAME}.def"
+                          "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/lib${PROJECT_NAME}.lib" DESTINATION lib)
+        endif ()
+
+    endif (WIN32)
+endif (NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB)
+
+message ("")
+
+message("The compiled Nana library will be installed in ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib")
+# Install the include directories too.
+if(NANA_CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDES)
+    install(DIRECTORY ${NANA_INCLUDE_DIR}/nana DESTINATION include )
+    message("The Nana include files will be installed in ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include")
+endif(NANA_CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDES)
+
+
 # Just for information:
-message ( "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID   = "  ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID})
+message ("")
-message ( "COMPILER_IS_CLANG       = "  ${COMPILER_IS_CLANG})
+message ( "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID     = "  ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID})
-message ( "CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX= "  ${CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX})
+message ( "COMPILER_IS_CLANG         = "  ${COMPILER_IS_CLANG})
-message ( "CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS         = "  ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
+message ( "CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX  = "  ${CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX})
-message ( "CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS  = "  ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS})
+message ( "CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS           = "  ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
-message ( "CMAKE_STATIC_LINKER_FLAGS="  ${CMAKE_STATIC_LINKER_FLAGS})
+message ( "CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS    = "  ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS})
-message ( "NANA_LINKS              = "  ${NANA_LINKS})
+message ( "CMAKE_STATIC_LINKER_FLAGS = "  ${CMAKE_STATIC_LINKER_FLAGS})
-message ( "DESTDIR                 = "  ${DESTDIR})
+message ( "NANA_LINKS                = "  ${NANA_LINKS})
-message ( "CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX    = "  ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX})
+message ( "DESTDIR                   = "  ${DESTDIR})
-message ( "NANA_INCLUDE_DIR        = "  ${NANA_INCLUDE_DIR})
+message ( "CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX      = "  ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX})
-message ( "CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR= "  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
+message ( "NANA_INCLUDE_DIR          = "  ${NANA_INCLUDE_DIR})
-message ( "NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_AUDIO = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_AUDIO})
+message ( "CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR  = "  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
+message ( "NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_AUDIO   = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_ENABLE_AUDIO})
+message ( "NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB     = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_SHARED_LIB})
+message ( "NANA_CLION              = "  ${NANA_CLION})
+message ( "CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM      = "  ${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM})
+
 message ( "NANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM         = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_FIND_BOOST_FILESYSTEM})
 message ( "NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE        = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_FORCE})
 message ( "NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_INCLUDE_ROOT = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_INCLUDE_ROOT})
 message ( "NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LIB          = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LIB})
 message ( "NANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING         = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING})
-message ( "NANA_CMAKE_ADD_DEF_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_ADD_DEF_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING})
+message ( "NANA_CMAKE_ADD_DEF_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING = "  ${NANA_CMAKE_ADD_DEF_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING})

build/codeblocks/nana.cbp

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 		<Unit filename="../../source/datetime.cpp" />
 		<Unit filename="../../source/deploy.cpp" />
 		<Unit filename="../../source/detail/platform_abstraction.cpp" />
+		<Unit filename="../../source/detail/platform_spec_posix.cpp" />
 		<Unit filename="../../source/detail/platform_spec_windows.cpp" />
 		<Unit filename="../../source/filesystem/filesystem.cpp" />
 		<Unit filename="../../source/gui/animation.cpp" />

build/vc2015/nana.vcxproj

@@ -252,6 +252,32 @@
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\source\threads\pool.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\source\unicode_bidi.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\any.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\basic_types.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\c++defines.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\charset.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\concepts.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\config.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\datetime.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\deploy.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\fwd.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\internationalization.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\key_type.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\optional.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\stdc++.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_condition_variable.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_mutex.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_thread.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\traits.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\unicode_bidi.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\verbose_preprocessor.hpp" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\pop_ignore_diagnostic" />
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\push_ignore_diagnostic" />
+  </ItemGroup>
   <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
   <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
   </ImportGroup>

build/vc2015/nana.vcxproj.filters

@@ -292,4 +292,74 @@
       <Filter>Source Files\detail</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\any.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\basic_types.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\c++defines.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\charset.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\concepts.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\config.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\datetime.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\deploy.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\fwd.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\internationalization.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\key_type.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\optional.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_condition_variable.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_mutex.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_thread.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\stdc++.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\traits.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\unicode_bidi.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\verbose_preprocessor.hpp">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\pop_ignore_diagnostic">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </None>
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\push_ignore_diagnostic">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </None>
+  </ItemGroup>
 </Project>

build/vc2017/nana.vcxproj

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
       <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
       <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDebug</RuntimeLibrary>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@
       <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
       <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDebug</RuntimeLibrary>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
@@ -127,6 +129,7 @@
       <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
       <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreaded</RuntimeLibrary>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
@@ -143,6 +146,7 @@
       <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
       <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
       <PreprocessorDefinitions>NDEBUG;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreaded</RuntimeLibrary>
     </ClCompile>
     <Link>
       <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
@@ -232,6 +236,73 @@
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\source\threads\pool.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\source\unicode_bidi.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\any.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\basic_types.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\c++defines.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\charset.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\concepts.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\config.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\datetime.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\deploy.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\fwd.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\animation.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\basis.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\dragger.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\drawing.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\effects.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\element.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\filebox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\layout_utility.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\msgbox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\notifier.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\place.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\programming_interface.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\screen.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\state_cursor.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\timer.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\tooltip.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\button.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\categorize.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\checkbox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\combox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\date_chooser.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\float_listbox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\form.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\frame.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\group.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\label.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\listbox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\menu.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\menubar.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\panel.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\picture.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\progress.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\scroll.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\slider.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\spinbox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\tabbar.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\textbox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\toolbar.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\treebox.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\widget.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\wvl.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\internationalization.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\key_type.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\optional.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\stdc++.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_condition_variable.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_mutex.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_thread.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\traits.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\unicode_bidi.hpp" />
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\verbose_preprocessor.hpp" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\pop_ignore_diagnostic" />
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\push_ignore_diagnostic" />
+  </ItemGroup>
   <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
   <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
   </ImportGroup>

build/vc2017/nana.vcxproj.filters

@@ -41,6 +41,15 @@
     <Filter Include="Sources\threads">
       <UniqueIdentifier>{c1cdf46a-519f-422a-947f-39e173045414}</UniqueIdentifier>
     </Filter>
+    <Filter Include="Include">
+      <UniqueIdentifier>{d68bd89c-170f-445f-b79f-aa03c881ab6b}</UniqueIdentifier>
+    </Filter>
+    <Filter Include="Include\gui">
+      <UniqueIdentifier>{a5d87649-2cd1-4a8f-a1f9-7151eaf6c772}</UniqueIdentifier>
+    </Filter>
+    <Filter Include="Include\gui\widgets">
+      <UniqueIdentifier>{0e6a58ab-652c-45d7-b9aa-8d9f2fa80ea1}</UniqueIdentifier>
+    </Filter>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\source\any.cpp">
@@ -284,4 +293,197 @@
       <Filter>Sources\gui</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\spinbox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\group.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\treebox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\listbox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\menu.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\menubar.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\progress.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\widget.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\textbox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\toolbar.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\button.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\combox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\label.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\panel.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\picture.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\tabbar.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\categorize.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\scroll.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\slider.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\checkbox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\date_chooser.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\float_listbox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\form.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\widgets\frame.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui\widgets</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\animation.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\basis.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\dragger.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\drawing.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\effects.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\element.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\filebox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\layout_utility.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\msgbox.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\notifier.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\place.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\programming_interface.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\screen.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\state_cursor.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\timer.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\tooltip.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui\wvl.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include\gui</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\any.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\basic_types.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\c++defines.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\charset.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\concepts.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\config.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\datetime.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\deploy.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\fwd.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\gui.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\internationalization.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\key_type.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\optional.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_condition_variable.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_mutex.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\std_thread.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\stdc++.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\traits.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\unicode_bidi.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="..\..\include\nana\verbose_preprocessor.hpp">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\pop_ignore_diagnostic">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </None>
+    <None Include="..\..\include\nana\push_ignore_diagnostic">
+      <Filter>Include</Filter>
+    </None>
+  </ItemGroup>
 </Project>

include/nana/basic_types.hpp

@@ -312,7 +312,14 @@ namespace nana
 		/// @param lightness  in range of [0, 1]
 		color& from_hsl(double hue, double saturation, double lightness);	///< immutable alpha channel
 
-		color blend(const color& blending_color, double alpha) const;
+		/// Blends color
+		/**
+		 * Returns a color which is blended as this * (1 - fade_rate) + blending_color * fade_rate
+		 * @param blending_color Color to blend
+		 * @param fade_rate Blending rate for blending_color
+		 * @return a blended color
+		 */
+		color blend(const color& blending_color, double fade_rate) const;
 
 		/// Determines whether the color is completely transparent.
 		bool invisible() const;

include/nana/c++defines.hpp

@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@
 
 //Assume the std::thread is not implement on MinGW
 //But some toolchains may implement std::thread.
+// it seems that MinGW 6.3 and 7.1 have std::thread
 #ifdef NANA_MINGW
 #	ifndef STD_THREAD_NOT_SUPPORTED
 #		define STD_THREAD_NOT_SUPPORTED
@@ -220,6 +221,9 @@
 #  if __has_include(<filesystem>)
 #    undef STD_FILESYSTEM_NOT_SUPPORTED
 #  endif
+#  if __has_include(<mutex>)
+#    undef STD_THREAD_NOT_SUPPORTED
+#  endif
 #endif
 
 #endif  // NANA_CXX_DEFINES_INCLUDED

include/nana/filesystem/filesystem.hpp

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 
 #undef  NANA_USING_BOOST_FILESYSTEM
 #define NANA_USING_BOOST_FILESYSTEM 1
+#   include <chrono>
 #   include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
 
 // add boost::filesystem into std::experimental::filesystem
@@ -60,6 +61,20 @@ namespace std {
 	namespace experimental {
 		namespace filesystem {
 			using namespace boost::filesystem;
+			using file_time_type = std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock>;
+
+			enum class file_type {
+				none = boost::filesystem::file_type::status_unknown,
+				not_found = boost::filesystem::file_type::file_not_found,
+				regular = boost::filesystem::file_type::regular_file,
+				directory = boost::filesystem::file_type::directory_file,
+				symlink = boost::filesystem::file_type::symlink_file,
+				block = boost::filesystem::file_type::block_file,
+				character = boost::filesystem::file_type::character_file,
+				fifo = boost::filesystem::file_type::fifo_file,
+				socket = boost::filesystem::file_type::socket_file,
+				unknown = boost::filesystem::file_type::type_unknown,
+			};
 		} // filesystem
 	} // experimental
 } // std

include/nana/gui/basis.hpp

@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ namespace nana
 			substitute = 0x1A,	//Ctrl+Z
 			escape = 0x1B,
 			space = 0x20,	//Space
+			del = 0x7F,		//Delete
+			os_del = del,	//Deprecated
 
 			//The following names are intuitive name of ASCII control codes
 			select_all = start_of_headline,
@@ -106,8 +108,8 @@ namespace nana
 			os_ctrl = 0x11,
 			os_pageup = 0x21, os_pagedown,
 			os_arrow_left = 0x25, os_arrow_up, os_arrow_right, os_arrow_down,
-			os_insert = 0x2D, os_del ,
+			os_insert = 0x2D,
-            os_end = 0x23   , os_home //Pos 1
+            os_end = 0x23, os_home //Pos 1
 		};
 	};
 
@@ -271,6 +273,7 @@ that return a corresponding nana::appearance with predefined values.
 	public:
 		virtual ~caret_interface() = default;
 
+		virtual bool activated() const = 0;
 		virtual void disable_throw() noexcept = 0;
 
 		virtual void effective_range(const rectangle& range) = 0;

include/nana/gui/detail/basic_window.hpp

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ namespace detail
 		void dimension(const size& s) override;
 		void visible(bool visibility) override;
 		bool visible() const override;
+		bool activated() const override;
 	private:
 		basic_window * owner_;
 		point	position_;

include/nana/gui/detail/native_window_interface.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  *	Platform Implementation
  *	Nana C++ Library(http://www.nanapro.org)
- *	Copyright(C) 2003-2016 Jinhao(cnjinhao@hotmail.com)
+ *	Copyright(C) 2003-2017 Jinhao(cnjinhao@hotmail.com)
  *
  *	Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. 
  *	(See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at 
@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ namespace detail
 
 		static nana::point	window_position(native_window_type);
 		static void	move_window(native_window_type, int x, int y);
-		static void	move_window(native_window_type, const rectangle&);
+		static bool	move_window(native_window_type, const rectangle&);
 		static void bring_top(native_window_type, bool activated);
 		static void	set_window_z_order(native_window_type, native_window_type wd_after, z_order_action action_if_no_wd_after);
 
-		static void	window_size(native_window_type, const size&);
+		static bool	window_size(native_window_type, const size&);
 		static void	get_window_rect(native_window_type, rectangle&);
 		static void	window_caption(native_window_type, const native_string_type&);
 		static native_string_type	window_caption(native_window_type);

include/nana/gui/widgets/float_listbox.hpp

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ namespace nana
 			{
 				std::vector<std::shared_ptr<item_interface>> items;
 
-				std::size_t max_items{10};			// the number of items display.
+				std::size_t max_items{ 10 };				// the number of items display.
-				mutable std::size_t index{::nana::npos};		// the result of the selection.
+				mutable std::size_t index{ ::nana::npos };	// the result of the selection.
-				mutable bool have_selected;
+				mutable bool have_selected{ false };
 			};
 
 			class item_renderer

include/nana/gui/widgets/picture.hpp

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ namespace nana
 				void attached(widget_reference, graph_reference)	override;
 			private:
 				void refresh(graph_reference)	override;
-				void _m_draw_background(unsigned,unsigned);
 			private:
 				implement * const impl_;
 			};

include/nana/gui/widgets/spinbox.hpp

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ namespace nana
 
 				void focus(graph_reference, const arg_focus&)	override;
 				void mouse_wheel(graph_reference, const arg_wheel&) override;
+				void dbl_click(graph_reference, const arg_mouse&) override;
 				void mouse_down(graph_reference, const arg_mouse&)	override;
 				void mouse_move(graph_reference, const arg_mouse&)	override;
 				void mouse_up(graph_reference, const arg_mouse& arg)	override;

include/nana/gui/widgets/textbox.hpp

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ namespace nana
 
         /// Appends an string. If `at_caret` is `true`, the string is inserted at the position of caret, otherwise, it is appended at end of the textbox.
 		textbox& append(const std::string& text, bool at_caret);
-
+        textbox& append(const std::wstring& text, bool at_caret);
 		/// Determines whether the text is line wrapped.
 		bool line_wrapped() const;
 		textbox& line_wrapped(bool);

include/nana/gui/widgets/treebox.hpp

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
  *	Copyright(C) 2003-2017 Jinhao(cnjinhao@hotmail.com)
  *
  *	Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. 
- *	(See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at 
+ *	(See accompanying file LICENSE or copy at 
  *	http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
  *
- *   @file:   nana/gui/widgets/treebox.hpp
+ *   @file   nana/gui/widgets/treebox.hpp
  *	 @brief
  *		The treebox organizes the nodes by a key string. 
  *		The treebox would have a vertical scrollbar if there are too many nodes
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ namespace nana
 	}//end namespace drawerbase
 
     /// \brief  Displays a hierarchical list of items, such as the files and directories on a disk.
-    /// See also in [documentation](http://nanapro.org/en-us/help/widgets/treebox.htm)
+    /// See also in [documentation](http://nanapro.org/en-us/documentation/widgets/treebox.htm)
     class treebox
 		:public widget_object < category::widget_tag, drawerbase::treebox::trigger, drawerbase::treebox::treebox_events>
 	{
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ namespace nana
 		/// \brief  The construct that creates a widget.
 		/// @param wd  A handle to the parent window of the widget being created.
 		/// @param r  the size and position of the widget in its parent window coordinate.
-		/// @param visible  specifying the visible after creating.
+		/// @param visible  specifying if visible after creating.
 		treebox(window, const nana::rectangle& = rectangle(), bool visible = true);
 
 		template<typename ItemRenderer>
@@ -397,18 +397,18 @@ namespace nana
         ///
         /// The treebox automatically redraws after certain operations, but, 
         /// under some circumstances, it is good to disable the automatic drawing mode, 
-        /// for example, before adding nodes in a loop, disable the mode to avoiding 
+        /// for example, before adding nodes in a loop, disable the mode avoiding 
         /// frequent and useless refresh for better performance, and then, after 
         /// the operations, enable the automatic redraw mode again.
-		/// @param bool  whether to enable.
+		/// @param enable bool  whether to enable.
-		void auto_draw(bool);
+		void auto_draw(bool enable);
 
 		/// \brief  Enable the checkboxs for each item of the widget.
-		/// @param bool  indicates whether to show or hide the checkboxs.
+		/// @param enable bool  indicates whether to show or hide the checkboxs.
 		treebox & checkable(bool enable);
 
 		
-		bool checkable() const; ///< Determinte whether the checkboxs are enabled.
+		bool checkable() const; ///< Are the checkboxs are enabled?
 
 		/// Clears the contents
 		void clear();
@@ -424,26 +424,30 @@ namespace nana
 
 		void icon_erase(const ::std::string& id);
 
-		item_proxy find(const ::std::string& keypath);  ///< Find an item though a specified keypath.
+		item_proxy find(const ::std::string& keypath);  ///< Find an item through a specified keypath.
 
-        /// Inserts a new node to treebox, but if the keypath exists returns the existing node.
+        /// Inserts a new node to treebox, but if the keypath exists change and returns the existing node.
 		item_proxy insert(const ::std::string& path_key,   ///< specifies the node hierarchy
                            ::std::string title      ///< used for displaying
                            ); 
 
-        /// Inserts a new node to treebox, but if the keypath exists returns the existing node.
+        /// Inserts a new node to treebox, but if the keypath exists change and returns the existing node.
 		item_proxy insert( item_proxy pos,             ///< the parent item node
                            const ::std::string& key,    ///< specifies the new node
                            ::std::string title   ///< title used for displaying in the new node.
                            );
-		item_proxy erase(item_proxy i); ///< Removes the node at pos and return the Item proxy following the removed node
+
+		item_proxy erase(item_proxy i); ///< Removes the node at i and return the Item proxy following the removed node
 
 		void erase(const ::std::string& keypath); ///< Removes the node by the key path. 
 
 		::std::string make_key_path(item_proxy i, const ::std::string& splitter) const;///<returns the key path
+
 		item_proxy selected() const; ///< returns the selected node
+
 	};//end class treebox
 }//end namespace nana
+
 #include <nana/pop_ignore_diagnostic>
 
 #endif

include/nana/paint/graphics.hpp

@@ -85,12 +85,14 @@ namespace nana
 
 			bool changed() const;           ///< Returns true if the graphics object is operated
 			bool empty() const;             ///< Returns true if the graphics object does not refer to any resource.
-			operator const void*() const;
+			explicit operator bool() const noexcept;
 
 			drawable_type handle() const;
 			const void* pixmap() const;
 			const void* context() const;
 
+			void swap(graphics& other) noexcept;
+
 			/// Creates a graphics/drawable resource
 			/**
 			 * @param sz The dimension of the graphics to be requested. If sz is empty, it performs as release().

include/nana/std_mutex.hpp

@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@
 #include <cstdio>
 // http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/include/uapi/asm-generic/errno.h#L53
 //#define EPROTO          71      /* Protocol error */
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS
+#    include <thread>
+#else
 #include <mingw.thread.h>
 #include <mingw.mutex.h>
+#endif
 #else
 #include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
 #include <boost/thread/recursive_mutex.hpp>

include/nana/std_thread.hpp

@@ -6,7 +6,11 @@
 
 #if defined(NANA_ENABLE_MINGW_STD_THREADS_WITH_MEGANZ)
 
-#include <mingw.thread.h>
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS
+#    include <thread>
+#else
+#    include <mingw.thread.h>
+#endif
 #else
 #include <boost/thread.hpp>
 namespace std

include/nana/stdc++.hpp

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
  *	@brief Implement the lack support of standard library.
  */
 
+#ifndef NANA_STDCXX_INCLUDED
+#define NANA_STDCXX_INCLUDED
+
 #include "c++defines.hpp"
 
 //Implement workarounds for GCC/MinGW which version is below 4.8.2
@@ -153,4 +156,6 @@ namespace std
 		return (v < lo ? lo : (hi < v ? hi : v));
 	}
 }
-#endif
+#endif
+
+#endif // NANA_STDCXX_INCLUDED

source/detail/mswin/platform_spec.hpp

@@ -47,16 +47,6 @@ namespace detail
 			bool visible;
 		};
 
-		struct move_window
-		{
-			enum { Pos = 1, Size = 2};
-			int x;
-			int y;
-			unsigned width;
-			unsigned height;
-			unsigned ignore; //determinate that pos or size would be ignored.
-		};
-
 		struct map_thread
 		{
 			rectangle update_area;
@@ -77,7 +67,6 @@ namespace detail
 			async_set_focus,
 			remote_flush_surface,
 			remote_thread_destroy_window,
-			remote_thread_move_window,
 			operate_caret,	//wParam: 1=Destroy, 2=SetPos
 			remote_thread_set_window_pos,
 			remote_thread_set_window_text,

source/detail/platform_spec_posix.cpp

@@ -835,6 +835,19 @@ namespace detail
 			i->second->reinstate();
 			i->second->pos = pos;
 		}
+		auto addr = i->second;
+		if(addr && addr->input_context) {
+			XPoint spot;
+			XVaNestedList list;
+			spot.x = pos.x;
+			spot.y = pos.y + addr->size.height;
+			list = ::XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNSpotLocation, &spot,
+					XNForeground, 0,
+					XNBackground, 0,
+					(void *)0);
+			::XSetICValues(addr->input_context, XNPreeditAttributes, list, NULL);
+			::XFree(list);
+		}
 	}
 
 	void platform_spec::caret_visible(native_window_type wd, bool vis)

source/filesystem/filesystem.cpp

@@ -14,7 +14,13 @@
 #include <nana/filesystem/filesystem_ext.hpp>
 #include <vector>
 #include <sstream>
-#include <iomanip>	//put_time
+
+#include <nana/config.hpp>
+#ifdef _enable_std_put_time
+	#include <nana/stdc++.hpp>
+#else
+	#include <iomanip>
+#endif
 
 #if defined(NANA_WINDOWS)
     #include <windows.h>
@@ -97,7 +103,13 @@ namespace nana
 		std::string pretty_file_date(const fs::path& path) // todo: move to .cpp
 		{
 			try {
+#if NANA_USING_BOOST_FILESYSTEM
+				// The return type of boost::filesystem::last_write_time isn't
+				// the same as in nana and std implementations of this function
+				auto ftime = std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(fs::last_write_time(path));
+#else
 				auto ftime = fs::last_write_time(path);
+#endif
 
 				// crash: VS2015 will not read the time for some files (for example: C:/hiberfil.sys)
 				//   and will return file_time_type(-1) without throwing

source/gui/detail/basic_window.cpp

@@ -204,6 +204,11 @@ namespace nana
 			{
 				return (visible_state::invisible != visibility_);
 			}
+
+			bool caret::activated() const
+			{
+				return (visible_state::displayed == visibility_);
+			}
 		//end class caret
 
 		//struct basic_window
@@ -329,24 +334,18 @@ namespace nana
 				return false;
 			}
 
-			const basic_window* get_child_caret(const basic_window* wd, bool this_is_a_child)
-			{
-				if (this_is_a_child && wd->annex.caret_ptr)
-					return wd;
-
-				for (auto child : wd->children)
-				{
-					auto caret_wd = get_child_caret(child, true);
-					if (caret_wd)
-						return caret_wd;
-				}
-
-				return nullptr;
-			}
-
 			const basic_window * basic_window::child_caret() const
 			{
-				return get_child_caret(this, false);
+				for (auto child : children) {
+					//Only return the child who has activated caret.
+					if (child->annex.caret_ptr && child->annex.caret_ptr->activated())
+						return child;
+
+					auto caret = child->child_caret();
+					if (caret)
+						return caret;
+				}
+				return nullptr;
 			}
 
 			bool basic_window::is_draw_through() const

source/gui/detail/bedrock_pi.cpp

@@ -151,7 +151,8 @@ namespace nana
 			arg.window_handle = reinterpret_cast<window>(wd);
 			if (emit(event_code::expose, wd, arg, false, get_thread_context()))
 			{
-				const core_window_t * caret_wd = (wd->annex.caret_ptr ? wd : wd->child_caret());
+				//Get the window who has the activated caret
+				const core_window_t * caret_wd = ((wd->annex.caret_ptr && wd->annex.caret_ptr->activated()) ? wd : wd->child_caret());
 				if (caret_wd)
 				{
 					if (exposed)

source/gui/detail/bedrock_posix.cpp

@@ -245,22 +245,31 @@ namespace detail
 			_m_event_filter(evt_code, wd, thrd);
 		}
 
-		if(wd->other.upd_state == core_window_t::update_state::none)
+		using update_state = basic_window::update_state;
-			wd->other.upd_state = core_window_t::update_state::lazy;
+
+		if(wd->other.upd_state == update_state::none)
+			wd->other.upd_state = update_state::lazy;
 
 		_m_emit_core(evt_code, wd, false, arg, bForce__EmitInternal);
 
-		//A child of wd may not be drawn if it was out of wd's range before wd resized,
+		bool good_wd = false;
-		//so refresh all children of wd when a resized occurs.
+		if(wd_manager().available(wd))
-		if(ask_update || (event_code::resized == evt_code))
 		{
-			wd_manager().do_lazy_refresh(wd, false, (event_code::resized == evt_code));
+			//A child of wd may not be drawn if it was out of wd's range before wd resized,
+			//so refresh all children of wd when a resized occurs.
+			if(ask_update || (event_code::resized == evt_code) || (update_state::refreshed == wd->other.upd_state))
+			{
+				wd_manager().do_lazy_refresh(wd, false, (event_code::resized == evt_code));
+			}
+			else
+				wd->other.upd_state = update_state::none;
+
+			good_wd = true;
 		}
-		else if(wd_manager().available(wd))
+		
-			wd->other.upd_state = core_window_t::update_state::none;
 
 		if(thrd) thrd->event_window = prev_wd;
-		return true;
+		return good_wd;
 	}
 
 	void assign_arg(arg_mouse& arg, basic_window* wd, unsigned msg, const XEvent& evt)
@@ -438,8 +447,8 @@ namespace detail
 			keysym = keyboard::os_arrow_left + (keysym - XK_Left); break;
 		case XK_Insert:
 			keysym = keyboard::os_insert; break;
-		case XK_Delete:
+		case XK_Delete: case XK_KP_Delete:
-			keysym = keyboard::os_del; break;
+			keysym = keyboard::del; break;
 		case XK_Shift_L: case XK_Shift_R:	//shift
 			keysym = keyboard::os_shift; break;
 		case XK_Control_L: case XK_Control_R: //ctrl

source/gui/detail/bedrock_windows.cpp

@@ -601,40 +601,6 @@ namespace detail
 				::HeapFree(::GetProcessHeap(), 0, stru);
 			}
 			return true;
-		case nana::detail::messages::remote_thread_move_window:
-			{
-				auto * mw = reinterpret_cast<nana::detail::messages::move_window*>(wParam);
-
-				::RECT r;
-				::GetWindowRect(wd, &r);
-				if(mw->ignore & mw->Pos)
-				{
-					mw->x = r.left;
-					mw->y = r.top;
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					HWND owner = ::GetWindow(wd, GW_OWNER);
-					if(owner)
-					{
-						::RECT owr;
-						::GetWindowRect(owner, &owr);
-						::POINT pos = {owr.left, owr.top};
-						::ScreenToClient(owner, &pos);
-						mw->x += (owr.left - pos.x);
-						mw->y += (owr.top - pos.y);
-					}
-				}
-
-				if(mw->ignore & mw->Size)
-				{
-					mw->width = r.right - r.left;
-					mw->height = r.bottom - r.top;
-				}
-				::MoveWindow(wd, mw->x, mw->y, mw->width, mw->height, true);
-				delete mw;
-			}
-			return true;
 		case nana::detail::messages::remote_thread_set_window_pos:
 			::SetWindowPos(wd, reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wParam), 0, 0, 0, 0, static_cast<UINT>(lParam));
 			return true;
@@ -775,6 +741,19 @@ namespace detail
 		if (thrd) thrd->event_window = prev_event_wd;
 	}
 
+	//Translate OS Virtual-Key into ASCII code
+	wchar_t translate_virtual_key(WPARAM vkey)
+	{
+		switch (vkey)
+		{
+		case VK_DELETE:
+			return 127;
+		case VK_DECIMAL:
+			return 46;
+		}
+		return static_cast<wchar_t>(vkey);
+	}
+
 	LRESULT CALLBACK Bedrock_WIN32_WindowProc(HWND root_window, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
 	{
 		LRESULT window_proc_value = 0;
@@ -1436,7 +1415,7 @@ namespace detail
 							arg.evt_code = event_code::key_press;
 							arg.window_handle = reinterpret_cast<window>(msgwnd);
 							arg.ignore = false;
-							arg.key = static_cast<wchar_t>(wParam);
+							arg.key = translate_virtual_key(wParam);
 							brock.get_key_state(arg);
 							brock.emit(event_code::key_press, msgwnd, arg, true, &context);
 
@@ -1522,7 +1501,7 @@ namespace detail
 								arg_keyboard arg;
 								arg.evt_code = event_code::key_release;
 								arg.window_handle = reinterpret_cast<window>(msgwnd);
-								arg.key = static_cast<wchar_t>(wParam);
+								arg.key = translate_virtual_key(wParam);
 								brock.get_key_state(arg);
 								arg.ignore = false;
 								brock.emit(event_code::key_release, msgwnd, arg, true, &context);
@@ -1639,18 +1618,21 @@ namespace detail
 			_m_event_filter(evt_code, wd, thrd);
 		}
 
-		if (wd->other.upd_state == core_window_t::update_state::none)
+		using update_state = basic_window::update_state;
-			wd->other.upd_state = core_window_t::update_state::lazy;
+
+		if (update_state::none == wd->other.upd_state)
+			wd->other.upd_state = update_state::lazy;
 
 		_m_emit_core(evt_code, wd, false, arg, bForce__EmitInternal);
 
 		bool good_wd = false;
 		if (wd_manager().available(wd))
 		{
-			if (ask_update)
+			//Ignore ask_update if update state is refreshed.
+			if (ask_update || (update_state::refreshed == wd->other.upd_state))
 				wd_manager().do_lazy_refresh(wd, false);
 			else
-				wd->other.upd_state = basic_window::update_state::none;
+				wd->other.upd_state = update_state::none;
 
 			good_wd = true;
 		}

source/gui/detail/native_window_interface.cpp

@@ -863,30 +863,27 @@ namespace nana{
 		void native_interface::move_window(native_window_type wd, int x, int y)
 		{
 #if defined(NANA_WINDOWS)
-			if(::GetWindowThreadProcessId(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), 0) != ::GetCurrentThreadId())
+			::RECT r;
+			::GetWindowRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &r);
+			HWND owner = ::GetWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), GW_OWNER);
+			if(owner)
 			{
-				nana::detail::messages::move_window * mw = new nana::detail::messages::move_window;
+				::RECT owner_rect;
-				mw->x = x;
+				::GetWindowRect(owner, &owner_rect);
-				mw->y = y;
+				::POINT pos = {owner_rect.left, owner_rect.top};
-				mw->ignore = mw->Size;
+				::ScreenToClient(owner, &pos);
-				::PostMessage(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), nana::detail::messages::remote_thread_move_window, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(mw), 0);
+				x += (owner_rect.left - pos.x);
+				y += (owner_rect.top - pos.y);
 			}
-			else
+
+			
+			if (::GetWindowThreadProcessId(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), 0) != ::GetCurrentThreadId())
 			{
-				::RECT r;
+				nana::internal_revert_guard irg;
-				::GetWindowRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &r);
-				HWND owner = ::GetWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), GW_OWNER);
-				if(owner)
-				{
-					::RECT owner_rect;
-					::GetWindowRect(owner, &owner_rect);
-					::POINT pos = {owner_rect.left, owner_rect.top};
-					::ScreenToClient(owner, &pos);
-					x += (owner_rect.left - pos.x);
-					y += (owner_rect.top - pos.y);
-				}
 				::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), x, y, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top, true);
 			}
+			else
+				::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), x, y, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top, true);
 #elif defined(NANA_X11)
 			Display * disp = restrict::spec.open_display();
 
@@ -908,41 +905,36 @@ namespace nana{
 #endif
 		}
 
-		void native_interface::move_window(native_window_type wd, const rectangle& r)
+		bool native_interface::move_window(native_window_type wd, const rectangle& r)
 		{
 #if defined(NANA_WINDOWS)
-			if(::GetWindowThreadProcessId(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), 0) != ::GetCurrentThreadId())
+			
+			int x = r.x;
+			int y = r.y;
+			HWND owner = ::GetWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), GW_OWNER);
+			if(owner)
 			{
-				auto * mw = new nana::detail::messages::move_window;
+				::RECT owner_rect;
-				mw->x = r.x;
+				::GetWindowRect(owner, &owner_rect);
-				mw->y = r.y;
+				::POINT pos = {owner_rect.left, owner_rect.top};
-				mw->width = r.width;
+				::ScreenToClient(owner, &pos);
-				mw->height = r.height;
+				x += (owner_rect.left - pos.x);
-				mw->ignore = 0;
+				y += (owner_rect.top - pos.y);
-				::PostMessage(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), nana::detail::messages::remote_thread_move_window, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(mw), 0);
 			}
-			else
-			{
-				int x = r.x;
-				int y = r.y;
-				HWND owner = ::GetWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), GW_OWNER);
-				if(owner)
-				{
-					::RECT owner_rect;
-					::GetWindowRect(owner, &owner_rect);
-					::POINT pos = {owner_rect.left, owner_rect.top};
-					::ScreenToClient(owner, &pos);
-					x += (owner_rect.left - pos.x);
-					y += (owner_rect.top - pos.y);
-				}
 
-				RECT client, wd_area;
+			RECT client, wd_area;
-				::GetClientRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &client);
+			::GetClientRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &client);
-				::GetWindowRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &wd_area);
+			::GetWindowRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &wd_area);
-				unsigned ext_w = (wd_area.right - wd_area.left) - client.right;
+			unsigned ext_w = (wd_area.right - wd_area.left) - client.right;
-				unsigned ext_h = (wd_area.bottom - wd_area.top) - client.bottom;
+			unsigned ext_h = (wd_area.bottom - wd_area.top) - client.bottom;
-				::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), x, y, r.width + ext_w, r.height + ext_h, true);
+			
+			if (::GetWindowThreadProcessId(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), 0) != ::GetCurrentThreadId())
+			{
+				nana::internal_revert_guard irg;
+				return (FALSE != ::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), x, y, r.width + ext_w, r.height + ext_h, true));
 			}
+			
+			return (FALSE != ::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), x, y, r.width + ext_w, r.height + ext_h, true));
 #elif defined(NANA_X11)
 			Display * disp = restrict::spec.open_display();
 			long supplied;
@@ -984,6 +976,7 @@ namespace nana{
 				::XSetWMNormalHints(disp, reinterpret_cast<Window>(wd), &hints);
 
 			::XMoveResizeWindow(disp, reinterpret_cast<Window>(wd), x, y, r.width, r.height);
+			return true;
 #endif
 		}
 
@@ -1062,32 +1055,28 @@ namespace nana{
 #endif
 		}
 
-		void native_interface::window_size(native_window_type wd, const size& sz)
+		bool native_interface::window_size(native_window_type wd, const size& sz)
 		{
 #if defined(NANA_WINDOWS)
-			if(::GetWindowThreadProcessId(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), 0) != ::GetCurrentThreadId())
+			::RECT r;
+			::GetWindowRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &r);
+			HWND owner = ::GetWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), GW_OWNER);
+			HWND parent = ::GetParent(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd));
+			if(parent && (parent != owner))
 			{
-				auto * mw = new nana::detail::messages::move_window;
+				::POINT pos = {r.left, r.top};
-				mw->width = sz.width;
+				::ScreenToClient(parent, &pos);
-				mw->height = sz.height;
+				r.left = pos.x;
-				mw->ignore = mw->Pos;
+				r.top = pos.y;
-				::PostMessage(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), nana::detail::messages::remote_thread_move_window, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(mw), 0);
 			}
-			else
+
+			if (::GetWindowThreadProcessId(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), 0) != ::GetCurrentThreadId())
 			{
-				::RECT r;
+				nana::internal_revert_guard irg;
-				::GetWindowRect(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), &r);
+				return (FALSE != ::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), r.left, r.top, static_cast<int>(sz.width), static_cast<int>(sz.height), true));
-				HWND owner = ::GetWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), GW_OWNER);
-				HWND parent = ::GetParent(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd));
-				if(parent && (parent != owner))
-				{
-					::POINT pos = {r.left, r.top};
-					::ScreenToClient(parent, &pos);
-					r.left = pos.x;
-					r.top = pos.y;
-				}
-				::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), r.left, r.top, static_cast<int>(sz.width), static_cast<int>(sz.height), true);
 			}
+
+			return (FALSE != ::MoveWindow(reinterpret_cast<HWND>(wd), r.left, r.top, static_cast<int>(sz.width), static_cast<int>(sz.height), true));
 #elif defined(NANA_X11)
 			auto disp = restrict::spec.open_display();
 			nana::detail::platform_scope_guard psg;
@@ -1104,6 +1093,7 @@ namespace nana{
 				::XSetWMNormalHints(disp, reinterpret_cast<Window>(wd), &hints);
 			}
 			::XResizeWindow(disp, reinterpret_cast<Window>(wd), sz.width, sz.height);
+			return true;
 #endif
 		}
 

source/gui/detail/window_layout.cpp

@@ -149,33 +149,34 @@ namespace nana
 			//	reads the overlaps that are overlapped a rectangular block
 			bool window_layout::read_overlaps(core_window_t* wd, const nana::rectangle& vis_rect, std::vector<wd_rectangle>& blocks)
 			{
+				auto const is_wd_root = (category::flags::root == wd->other.category);
 				wd_rectangle block;
 				while (wd->parent)
 				{
-					auto & siblings = wd->parent->children;
+					auto i = std::find(wd->parent->children.cbegin(), wd->parent->children.cend(), wd);
-					//It should be checked that whether the window is still a chlid of its parent.
+					if (i != wd->parent->children.cend())
-					if (siblings.size())
 					{
-						auto i = &(siblings[0]);
+						for (++i; i != wd->parent->children.cend(); ++i)
-						auto *end = i + siblings.size();
-						i = std::find(i, end, wd);
-						if (i != end)
 						{
-							//find the widget that next to wd.
+							core_window_t* cover = *i;
-							for (++i; i < end; ++i)
+
+							if (!cover->visible)
+								continue;
+
+							if (is_wd_root ? 
+								(category::flags::root == cover->other.category)
+								:
+								((category::flags::root != cover->other.category) && (nullptr == cover->effect.bground)))
 							{
-								core_window_t* cover = *i;
+								if (overlap(vis_rect, rectangle{ cover->pos_root, cover->dimension }, block.r))
-								if ((category::flags::root != cover->other.category) && cover->visible && (nullptr == cover->effect.bground))
 								{
-									if (overlap(vis_rect, rectangle{ cover->pos_root, cover->dimension }, block.r))
+									block.window = cover;
-									{
+									blocks.push_back(block);
-										block.window = cover;
-										blocks.push_back(block);
-									}
 								}
 							}
 						}
 					}
+
 					wd = wd->parent;
 				}
 				return (!blocks.empty());

source/gui/detail/window_manager.cpp

@@ -219,8 +219,6 @@ namespace detail
 			Key first;
 			Value second;
 
-			key_value_rep() = default;
-
 			key_value_rep(const Key& k)
 				: first(k), second{}
 			{
@@ -258,15 +256,7 @@ namespace detail
 		std::vector<key_value_rep> table_;
 	};
 
-	//class window_manager
+	//class window_manager			
-			struct window_handle_deleter
-			{
-				void operator()(basic_window* wd) const
-				{
-					delete wd;
-				}
-			};
-			
 			//struct wdm_private_impl
 			struct window_manager::wdm_private_impl
 			{
@@ -506,7 +496,7 @@ namespace detail
 				if (impl_->wd_register.available(owner))
 				{
 					if (owner->flags.destroying)
-						throw std::runtime_error("the specified owner is destory");
+						throw std::runtime_error("the specified owner is destoryed");
 
 #ifndef WIDGET_FRAME_DEPRECATED
 					native = (category::flags::frame == owner->other.category ?
@@ -953,24 +943,46 @@ namespace detail
 			if (wd->dimension == sz)
 				return false;
 
+			//Before resiz the window, creates the new graphics
+			paint::graphics graph;
+			paint::graphics root_graph;
+			if (category::flags::lite_widget != wd->other.category)
+			{
+				//If allocation fails, here throws std::bad_alloc.
+				graph.make(sz);
+				graph.typeface(wd->drawer.graphics.typeface());
+				if (category::flags::root == wd->other.category)
+					root_graph.make(sz);
+			}
+
+			auto pre_sz = wd->dimension;
+
 			wd->dimension = sz;
 
 			if(category::flags::lite_widget != wd->other.category)
 			{
 				bool graph_state = wd->drawer.graphics.empty();
-				wd->drawer.graphics.make(sz);
+				wd->drawer.graphics.swap(graph);
 
 				//It shall make a typeface_changed() call when the graphics state is changing.
-				//Because when a widget is created with zero-size, it may get some wrong result in typeface_changed() call
+				//Because when a widget is created with zero-size, it may get some wrong results in typeface_changed() call
 				//due to the invaliable graphics object.
 				if(graph_state != wd->drawer.graphics.empty())
 					wd->drawer.typeface_changed();
 
 				if(category::flags::root == wd->other.category)
 				{
-					wd->root_graph->make(sz);
+					//wd->root_graph->make(sz);
+					wd->root_graph->swap(root_graph);
 					if(false == passive)
-						native_interface::window_size(wd->root, sz + nana::size(wd->extra_width, wd->extra_height));
+						if (!native_interface::window_size(wd->root, sz + nana::size(wd->extra_width, wd->extra_height)))
+						{
+							wd->dimension = pre_sz;
+							wd->drawer.graphics.swap(graph);
+							wd->root_graph->swap(root_graph);
+							wd->drawer.typeface_changed();
+							return false;
+						}
 				}
 #ifndef WIDGET_FRAME_DEPRECATED
 				else if(category::flags::frame == wd->other.category)

source/gui/filebox.cpp

@@ -435,20 +435,20 @@ namespace nana
 			nodes_.filesystem = tree_.insert("FS.ROOT", "Filesystem");
 			nodes_.filesystem.value(kind::filesystem);
 
-			std::vector<std::string> paths;
+			std::vector<std::pair<std::string, treebox::item_proxy>> paths;
-			paths.emplace_back(fs_ext::path_user().native());
+			paths.emplace_back(fs_ext::path_user().native(), nodes_.home);
-			paths.emplace_back("/");
+			paths.emplace_back("/", nodes_.filesystem);
 
 			fs::directory_iterator end;
 			for (auto & p : paths)
 			{
-				for (fs::directory_iterator i(p); i != end; ++i)
+				for (fs::directory_iterator i{p.first}; i != end; ++i)
 				{
 					auto name = i->path().filename().native();
 					if (!is_directory(i->status()) || (name.size() && name[0] == '.'))
 						continue;
 
-					item_proxy node = tree_.insert(nodes_.filesystem, name, name);
+					item_proxy node = tree_.insert(p.second, name, name);
 					if (false == node.empty())
 					{
 						node.value(kind::filesystem);
@@ -505,21 +505,18 @@ namespace nana
 
 				auto fpath = i->path().native();
 				auto fattr = fs::status(fpath);
+				auto ftype = static_cast<fs::file_type>(fattr.type());
 
 				item_fs m;
 				m.name = name;
 				m.directory = fs::is_directory(fattr);
 
-				switch(fattr.type())
+				if (ftype == fs::file_type::not_found ||
-				{
+					ftype == fs::file_type::unknown ||
-				case fs::file_type::not_found:
+					ftype == fs::file_type::directory)
-				case fs::file_type::unknown:
-				case fs::file_type::directory:
 					m.bytes = 0;
-					break;
+				else
-				default:
 					m.bytes = fs::file_size(fpath);
-				}
 
 				fs_ext::modified_file_time(fpath, m.modified_time);
 				
@@ -569,28 +566,63 @@ namespace nana
 			if(cat_path.size() && cat_path[cat_path.size() - 1] != '/')
 				cat_path += '/';
 
+		
 			auto beg = head.size();
 			while(true)
 			{
 				auto pos = path.find('/', beg);
 				auto folder = path.substr(beg, pos != path.npos ? pos - beg: path.npos);
-				if(folder.size() == 0) break;
+				
+				if(folder.empty())
+					break;
+				
 				(cat_path += folder) += '/';
 				(head += folder) += '/';
 				path_.caption(cat_path);
 				
-				for(fs::directory_iterator i(head); i != end; ++i)
+				try
 				{
-					if (is_directory(*i))
+					for(fs::directory_iterator i(head); i != end; ++i)
-						path_.childset(i->path().filename().native(), 0);
+					{
+						if (is_directory(*i))
+							path_.childset(i->path().filename().native(), 0);
+					}
+				}
+				catch(fs::filesystem_error&)
+				{
+					//The directory iterator may throw filesystem_error when
+					//the user doesn't have permission to access the directory.
+
+					//It just loads the sub-directories
+					//to the category path.
 				}
 
 				if(pos == path.npos)
 					break;
 				beg = pos + 1;
 			}
-			_m_load_path(path);
+
-			_m_list_fs();
+			try
+			{
+				_m_load_path(path);
+				_m_list_fs();
+			}
+			catch(fs::filesystem_error&)
+			{
+				file_container_.clear();
+
+				drawing dw{ls_file_};
+				dw.clear();
+				dw.draw([](paint::graphics& graph){
+					std::string text = "Permission denied to access the directory";
+					auto txt_sz = graph.text_extent_size(text);
+					auto sz = graph.size();
+
+					graph.string({static_cast<int>(sz.width - txt_sz.width) / 2, static_cast<int>(sz.height - txt_sz.height) / 2}, text, colors::dark_gray);
+				});
+
+				ls_file_.clear();
+			}
 		}
 
 		bool _m_filter_allowed(const std::string& name, bool is_dir, const std::string& filter, const std::vector<std::string>* extension) const
@@ -611,6 +643,8 @@ namespace nana
 
 		void _m_list_fs()
 		{
+			drawing{ls_file_}.clear();
+
 			auto filter = filter_.caption();
 			ls_file_.auto_draw(false);
 
@@ -655,13 +689,12 @@ namespace nana
 					return;
 				}
 
-				using file_type = fs::file_type;
-
 				fs::path fspath(fb_.addr_.filesystem + path);
 
-				auto fst = fs::status(fspath);
+				auto fattr = fs::status(fspath);
+				auto ftype = static_cast<fs::file_type>(fattr.type());
 
-				if(fst.type() != file_type::not_found && fst.type() != file_type::none)
+				if(ftype != fs::file_type::not_found && ftype != fs::file_type::none)
 				{
 					mb<<i18n("NANA_FILEBOX_ERROR_RENAME_FOLDER_BECAUSE_OF_EXISTING");
 					mb();
@@ -763,6 +796,7 @@ namespace nana
 						tar = addr_.filesystem + file;
 
 					auto fattr = fs::status(tar);
+					auto ftype = static_cast<fs::file_type>(fattr.type());
 
 					//Check if the selected name is a directory
 					auto is_dir = fs::is_directory(fattr);
@@ -771,6 +805,7 @@ namespace nana
 					{
 						//Add the extension, then check if it is a directory again.
 						fattr = fs::status(tar);
+						ftype = static_cast<fs::file_type>(fattr.type());
 						is_dir = fs::is_directory(fattr);
 					}
 					
@@ -783,7 +818,7 @@ namespace nana
 
 					if(io_read_)
 					{
-						if(fs::file_type::not_found == fattr.type())
+						if(fs::file_type::not_found == ftype)
 						{
 							msgbox mb(*this, caption());
 							mb.icon(msgbox::icon_information);
@@ -795,7 +830,7 @@ namespace nana
 					}
 					else
 					{
-						if(fs::file_type::not_found != fattr.type())
+						if(fs::file_type::not_found != ftype)
 						{
 							msgbox mb(*this, caption(), msgbox::yes_no);
 							mb.icon(msgbox::icon_question);
@@ -829,14 +864,28 @@ namespace nana
 					auto child = node.append(name, name, kind::filesystem);
 					if(!child.empty())
 					{
-						for(fs::directory_iterator u(i->path()); u != end; ++u)
+						//The try-catch can be eleminated by using
+						//directory_iterator( const std::filesystem::path& p, std::error_code& ec ) noexcept;
+						//in C++17
+						try
 						{
-							auto uname = i->path().filename().native();
+							for(fs::directory_iterator u(i->path()); u != end; ++u)
-							if ((!is_directory(*i)) || (uname.size() && uname[0] == '.'))
+							{
-								continue;
+								auto uname = u->path().filename().native();
+								if ((!is_directory(*u)) || (uname.size() && uname[0] == '.'))
+									continue;
 
-							child.append(uname, uname, kind::filesystem);
+								child.append(uname, uname, kind::filesystem);
-							break;
+								break;
+							}
+						}
+						catch(fs::filesystem_error&)
+						{
+							//The directory iterator may throw filesystem_error when
+							//the user doesn't have permission to access the directory.
+
+							//Catch the error without any process, because the loop is just
+							//to peak whether the directory(i->path) has a sub-directory.
 						}
 					}
 				}

source/gui/place.cpp

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace nana
 			{
 				div_start, div_end, splitter,
 				identifier, dock, fit, hfit, vfit, vert, grid, number, array, reparray,
-				weight, gap, margin, arrange, variable, repeated, min_px, max_px, left, right, top, bottom, undisplayed, invisible,
+				weight, width, height, gap, margin, arrange, variable, repeated, min_px, max_px, left, right, top, bottom, undisplayed, invisible,
 				collapse, parameters,
 				equal,
 				eof, error
@@ -235,15 +235,21 @@ namespace nana
 
 					idstr_.assign(idstart, sp_);
 
-					if ("weight" == idstr_ || "min" == idstr_ || "max" == idstr_)
+					if (    "weight" == idstr_ 
+					     || "min" == idstr_ 
+					     || "max" == idstr_
+					     || "width" == idstr_ 
+					     || "height" == idstr_
+						)
 					{
-						auto ch = idstr_[1];
+						auto c3 = idstr_[2], c1 =idstr_[0];
 						_m_attr_number_value();
-						switch (ch)
+						switch (c3)
 						{
-						case 'e': return token::weight;
+						case 'i': return c1=='w'? token::weight : token::height;
-						case 'i': return token::min_px;
+						case 'n': return token::min_px;
-						case 'a': return token::max_px;
+						case 'x': return token::max_px;
+						case 'd': return token::width;
 						}
 					}
 					else if ("dock" == idstr_)
@@ -742,6 +748,7 @@ namespace nana
 	{
 	public:
 		enum class kind{ arrange, vertical_arrange, grid, splitter, dock, dockpane};
+		using token = place_parts::tokenizer::token;
 
 		division(kind k, std::string&& n) noexcept
 			: kind_of_division(k),
@@ -1082,6 +1089,7 @@ namespace nana
 
 		::nana::rectangle field_area;
 		number_t weight;
+		token    weigth_type=token::weight;
 		number_t min_px, max_px;
 
 		place_parts::margin	margin;
@@ -2616,10 +2624,10 @@ namespace nana
 
 	auto place::implement::scan_div(place_parts::tokenizer& tknizer) -> std::unique_ptr<division>
 	{
-		typedef place_parts::tokenizer::token token;
+		using token = place_parts::tokenizer::token ;
 
 		std::unique_ptr<division> div;
-		token div_type = token::eof;
+		token div_type = token::eof , weight_type=token::weight;
 		auto fit = fit_policy::none;
 		place_parts::repeated_array fit_parameters;
 
@@ -2726,7 +2734,7 @@ namespace nana
 					}
 				}
 				break;
-			case token::weight: case token::min_px: case token::max_px:
+			case token::weight: case token::min_px: case token::max_px: case token::width: case token::height:
 				{
 					auto n = tknizer.number();
 					//If n is the type of real, convert it to integer.
@@ -2736,7 +2744,9 @@ namespace nana
 
 					switch (tk)
 					{
-					case token::weight: weight = n; break;
+					case token::weight: weight = n; weight_type = token::weight; break;  // we could detect errors here (redefinitions and duplicates)
+					case token::width : weight = n; weight_type = token::width ; break;
+					case token::height: weight = n; weight_type = token::height; break;
 					case token::min_px: min_px = n; break;
 					case token::max_px: max_px = n; break;
 					default: break;	//Useless
@@ -2805,10 +2815,16 @@ namespace nana
 			}
 		}
 
+		token unmatch = token::width;
 		switch (div_type)
 		{
-		case token::eof:
+		case token::eof:  unmatch = token::height;  // "horitontal" div
-		case token::vert:
+		case token::vert:                           // "vertical" div
+			for (auto& ch : children)
+				if (ch->weigth_type == unmatch)
+					throw std::invalid_argument("nana.place: unmatch vertical-heigth/horizontal-width betwen division '"
+						                         +name+"' and children division '" + ch->name);
+
 			div.reset(new div_arrange(token::vert == div_type, std::move(name), std::move(arrange)));
 			break;
 		case token::grid:
@@ -2837,6 +2853,7 @@ namespace nana
 		default:
 			throw std::invalid_argument("nana.place: invalid division type.");
 		}
+		div->weigth_type = weight_type;
 
 		//Requirements for min/max
 		//1, min and max != negative

source/gui/programming_interface.cpp

@@ -1183,6 +1183,13 @@ namespace API
 			auto caret = _m_caret();
 			return (caret && caret->visible());
 		}
+
+		bool activated() const override
+		{
+			internal_scope_guard lock;
+			auto caret = _m_caret();
+			return (caret && caret->activated());
+		}
 	private:
 		caret_interface* _m_caret() const
 		{

source/gui/widgets/float_listbox.cpp

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include <nana/gui/widgets/scroll.hpp>
 
 #include <nana/gui/layout_utility.hpp>
+#include <nana/gui/screen.hpp>
 
 namespace nana
 {
@@ -198,16 +199,14 @@ namespace nana
 					return widget_;
 				}
 
-				void attach(widget* wd, nana::paint::graphics* graph)
+				void attach(widget& wd, nana::paint::graphics& graph)
 				{
-					if(wd)
+					widget_ = &wd;
-					{
+					wd.events().mouse_wheel.connect_unignorable([this](const arg_wheel& arg){
-						widget_ = wd;
+						scroll_items(arg.upwards);
-						wd->events().mouse_wheel.connect_unignorable([this](const arg_wheel& arg){
+					});
-							scroll_items(arg.upwards);
+
-						});
+					graph_ = &graph;
-					}
-					if(graph) graph_ = graph;
 				}
 
 				void detach()
@@ -219,9 +218,46 @@ namespace nana
 				{
 					if(module_)
 					{
-						std::size_t items = (module_->max_items <= module_->items.size() ? module_->max_items : module_->items.size());
+						
-						std::size_t h = items * state_.renderer->item_pixels(*graph_);
+						auto const items = (module_->max_items <= module_->items.size() ? module_->max_items : module_->items.size());
-						widget_->size(size{ widget_->size().width, static_cast<unsigned>(h + 4) });
+
+						rectangle list_r{
+							0, 0,
+							widget_->size().width,
+							static_cast<unsigned>(items * state_.renderer->item_pixels(*graph_)) + 4
+						};
+
+						//Test if the listbox excesses the screen
+
+						screen scr;
+						auto & disp = scr.from_window(*widget_);
+
+						auto disp_r = disp.area();
+
+						point pos;
+						API::calc_screen_point(*widget_, pos);
+						list_r.position(pos);
+
+						if (widget_->size().width >= disp_r.width)
+						{
+							pos.x = 0;
+							list_r.width = disp_r.width;
+						}
+						else if (list_r.right() > disp_r.right())
+							pos.x = disp_r.right() - static_cast<int>(list_r.width);
+
+						if (list_r.height >= disp_r.height)
+						{
+							pos.y = 0;
+							list_r.height = disp_r.height;
+						}
+						else if (list_r.bottom() > disp_r.bottom())
+							pos.y = disp_r.bottom() - static_cast<int>(list_r.height);
+
+						API::calc_window_point(API::get_owner_window(*widget_), pos);
+						list_r.position(pos);
+
+						widget_->move(list_r);
 					}
 				}
 
@@ -312,36 +348,37 @@ namespace nana
 
 				void _m_open_scrollbar(widget_reference wd, bool v)
 				{
-					if(v)
+					if (!v)
 					{
-						if(scrollbar_.empty() && module_)
-						{
-							scrollbar_.create(wd, rectangle(static_cast<int>(wd.size().width - 18), 2, 16, wd.size().height - 4));
-							scrollbar_.amount(module_->items.size());
-							scrollbar_.range(module_->max_items);
-							scrollbar_.value(state_.offset_y);
-
-							auto & events = scrollbar_.events();
-							events.mouse_wheel.connect([this](const arg_wheel& arg)
-							{
-								scroll_items(arg.upwards);
-							});
-
-							auto fn = [this](const arg_mouse& arg)
-							{
-								if (arg.is_left_button() && (scrollbar_.value() != state_.offset_y))
-								{
-									state_.offset_y = static_cast<unsigned>(scrollbar_.value());
-									draw();
-									API::update_window(*widget_);
-								}
-							};
-							events.mouse_move.connect(fn);
-							events.mouse_up.connect(fn);
-						}
-					}
-					else
 						scrollbar_.close();
+						return;
+					}
+
+					if(scrollbar_.empty() && module_)
+					{
+						scrollbar_.create(wd, rectangle(static_cast<int>(wd.size().width - 18), 2, 16, wd.size().height - 4));
+						scrollbar_.amount(module_->items.size());
+						scrollbar_.range(module_->max_items);
+						scrollbar_.value(state_.offset_y);
+
+						auto & events = scrollbar_.events();
+						events.mouse_wheel.connect([this](const arg_wheel& arg)
+						{
+							scroll_items(arg.upwards);
+						});
+
+						auto fn = [this](const arg_mouse& arg)
+						{
+							if (arg.is_left_button() && (scrollbar_.value() != state_.offset_y))
+							{
+								state_.offset_y = static_cast<unsigned>(scrollbar_.value());
+								draw();
+								API::update_window(*widget_);
+							}
+						};
+						events.mouse_move.connect(fn);
+						events.mouse_up.connect(fn);
+					}
 				}
 			private:
 				widget * widget_{nullptr};
@@ -393,7 +430,7 @@ namespace nana
 
 				void trigger::attached(widget_reference widget, graph_reference graph)
 				{
-					drawer_->attach(&widget, &graph);
+					drawer_->attach(widget, graph);
 				}
 
 				void trigger::detached()

source/gui/widgets/listbox.cpp

@@ -3931,6 +3931,11 @@ namespace nana
 					essence_->content_view.reset(new widgets::skeletons::content_view{ widget.handle() });
 					essence_->resize_disp_area();
 
+					//Set the content_view wheel speed with the listbox scheme.
+					essence_->content_view->set_wheel_speed([this] {
+						return essence_->scheme_ptr->mouse_wheel.lines;
+					});
+
 					essence_->content_view->events().hover_outside = [this](const point& cur_pos) {
 						essence_->update_mouse_selection(cur_pos);
 					};
@@ -4166,16 +4171,17 @@ namespace nana
 								{
 									if (item_ptr->flags.selected != sel)
 									{
-										item_ptr->flags.selected = sel;
+										if (sel)
-										lister.emit_cs(abs_item_pos, true);
-
-										if (item_ptr->flags.selected)
 										{
+											//Deselects the previously selected item.
 											lister.cancel_others_if_single_enabled(true, abs_item_pos);
 											essence_->lister.latest_selected_abs = abs_item_pos;
 										}
 										else if (essence_->lister.latest_selected_abs == abs_item_pos)
 											essence_->lister.latest_selected_abs.set_both(npos);
+
+										item_ptr->flags.selected = sel;
+										lister.emit_cs(abs_item_pos, true);
 									}
 								}
 								else

source/gui/widgets/menubar.cpp

@@ -403,8 +403,15 @@ namespace nana
 					ess_->state.nullify_mouse = true;
 
 					auto & menu_ptr = ess_->state.menu;
+
+					//menu_wd will be assigned with the handle of a menu window,
+					//It is used for checking whether the menu is closed. A menu handler
+					//may close the form, checking with the data member of this trigger
+					//is invalid, because the form is closed, the object of menubar may not exist.
+					window menu_wd = nullptr;
 					if(ess_->state.menu)
 					{
+						menu_wd = menu_ptr->handle();
 						switch(arg.key)
 						{
 						case keyboard::os_arrow_down:
@@ -466,8 +473,11 @@ namespace nana
 						case keyboard::os_arrow_up:
 						case keyboard::os_arrow_down:
 						case keyboard::enter:
-							if(ess_->open_menu(true))
+							if (ess_->open_menu(true))
+							{
+								menu_wd = menu_ptr->handle();
 								menu_ptr->goto_next(true);
+							}
 							break;
 						case keyboard::escape:
 							if(essence::behavior::focus == ess_->state.behave)
@@ -481,15 +491,21 @@ namespace nana
 							if(index != npos)
 							{
 								ess_->state.active = index;
-								if(ess_->open_menu(true))
+								if (ess_->open_menu(true))
+								{
+									menu_wd = menu_ptr->handle();
 									menu_ptr->goto_next(true);
+								}
 							}
 							break;
 						}
 					}
 
-					refresh(graph);
+					if (API::is_window(menu_wd))
-					API::dev::lazy_refresh();
+					{
+						refresh(graph);
+						API::dev::lazy_refresh();
+					}
 				}
 
 				void trigger::key_release(graph_reference graph, const arg_keyboard& arg)

source/gui/widgets/picture.cpp

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ namespace nana
 			struct implement
 			{
 				widget* wdg_ptr{nullptr};
-				paint::graphics* graph_ptr{nullptr};
 				std::unique_ptr<content_measurer> measurer;
 
 				struct gradual_bground_tag
@@ -48,6 +47,23 @@ namespace nana
 					std::unique_ptr<element::bground> bground;	//If it is not a null ptr, the widget is stretchable mode
 					bool			stretchable{ false };		//If it is true, the widget is stretchable mode without changing aspect ratio.
 				}backimg;
+
+				void draw_background(paint::graphics& graph, const size& dimension)
+				{
+					if (!API::dev::copy_transparent_background(*wdg_ptr, graph))
+					{
+						auto const graph_size = graph.size();
+						if (dimension.width < graph_size.width || dimension.height < graph_size.height || backimg.image.alpha())
+						{
+							if (gradual_bground.gradual_from.invisible() || gradual_bground.gradual_to.invisible())
+								graph.rectangle(true, wdg_ptr->bgcolor());
+							else if (gradual_bground.gradual_from == gradual_bground.gradual_to)
+								graph.rectangle(true, gradual_bground.gradual_from);
+							else
+								graph.gradual_rectangle(::nana::rectangle{graph_size }, gradual_bground.gradual_from, gradual_bground.gradual_to, !gradual_bground.horizontal);
+						}
+					}
+				}
 			};
 
 			class content_measurer
@@ -88,32 +104,36 @@ namespace nana
 				delete impl_;
 			}
 
-			void drawer::attached(widget_reference& wdg, graph_reference graph)
+			void drawer::attached(widget_reference& wdg, graph_reference)
 			{
 				impl_->wdg_ptr = &wdg;
-				impl_->graph_ptr = &graph;
 				API::dev::set_measurer(wdg, impl_->measurer.get());
 			}
 
 			void drawer::refresh(graph_reference graph)
 			{
-				if (!graph.changed())
+				auto const graphsize = graph.size();
-					return;
-
-				auto graphsize = graph.size();
 
 				auto & backimg = impl_->backimg;
 
 				if (!backimg.bground)
 				{
+					if (backimg.image.empty())
+					{
+						impl_->draw_background(graph, {});
+						return;
+					}
+
 					auto valid_area = backimg.valid_area;
 					if (valid_area.empty())
 						valid_area.dimension(backimg.image.size());
 
+					//The position where the image to be drawn. 
+					::nana::point pos;
+
 					if (backimg.stretchable)
 					{
-						auto fit_size = fit_zoom({ valid_area.width, valid_area.height }, graphsize);
+						auto fit_size = fit_zoom(valid_area.dimension(), graphsize);
-						::nana::point pos;
 
 						if (fit_size.width != graphsize.width)
 						{
@@ -142,15 +162,12 @@ namespace nana
 							}
 						}
 
-						_m_draw_background(fit_size.width, fit_size.height);
+						impl_->draw_background(graph, fit_size);
 
 						backimg.image.stretch(valid_area, graph, ::nana::rectangle{ pos, fit_size });
 					}
 					else
 					{
-						//The point in which position the image to be drawn. 
-						::nana::point pos;
-
 						switch (backimg.align_horz)
 						{
 						case ::nana::align::left: break;
@@ -173,15 +190,14 @@ namespace nana
 							break;
 						}
 
-						_m_draw_background(valid_area.width, valid_area.height);
+						impl_->draw_background(graph, valid_area.dimension());
 
-						if ( ! backimg.image.empty())
+						backimg.image.paste(valid_area, graph, pos);
-							backimg.image.paste(valid_area, graph, pos);
 					}
 				}
 				else
 				{
-					_m_draw_background(graphsize.width, graphsize.height);
+					impl_->draw_background(graph, graphsize);
 
 					color invalid_clr_for_call;
 					backimg.bground->draw(graph, invalid_clr_for_call, invalid_clr_for_call, rectangle{ graphsize }, element_state::normal);
@@ -189,25 +205,6 @@ namespace nana
 
 				graph.setsta();
 			}
-
-			void drawer::_m_draw_background(unsigned w, unsigned h)
-			{
-				auto graph = impl_->graph_ptr;
-
-				if (graph && (!API::dev::copy_transparent_background(*impl_->wdg_ptr, *graph)))
-				{
-					if (w < graph->size().width || h < graph->size().height || impl_->backimg.image.alpha())
-					{
-						auto & bground = impl_->gradual_bground;
-						if (bground.gradual_from.invisible() || bground.gradual_to.invisible())
-							graph->rectangle(true, impl_->wdg_ptr->bgcolor());
-						else if (bground.gradual_from == bground.gradual_to)
-							graph->rectangle(true, bground.gradual_from);
-						else
-							graph->gradual_rectangle(::nana::rectangle{ graph->size() }, bground.gradual_from, bground.gradual_to, !bground.horizontal);
-					}
-				}
-			}
 			//end class drawer
 		}//end namespace picture
 	}//end namespace drawerbase
@@ -233,11 +230,7 @@ namespace nana
 			if (backimg.bground)
 				backimg.bground->image(backimg.image, true, valid_area);
 
-			if (handle())
+			API::refresh_window(*this);
-			{
-				get_drawer_trigger().impl_->graph_ptr->set_changed();
-				API::refresh_window(*this);
-			}
 		}
 
 		void picture::align(::nana::align horz, align_v vert)
@@ -252,18 +245,11 @@ namespace nana
 			backimg.align_horz = horz;
 			backimg.align_vert = vert;
 
-			if (handle())
+			API::refresh_window(*this);
-			{
-				get_drawer_trigger().impl_->graph_ptr->set_changed();
-				API::refresh_window(*this);
-			}
 		}
 
 		void picture::stretchable(unsigned left, unsigned top, unsigned right, unsigned bottom)
 		{
-			if (!handle())
-				return;
-
 			internal_scope_guard lock;
 			auto & backimg = get_drawer_trigger().impl_->backimg;
 			if (!backimg.bground)
@@ -275,11 +261,8 @@ namespace nana
 
 			backimg.bground->stretch_parts(left, top, right, bottom);
 			backimg.stretchable = false;
-			if (handle())
+
-			{
+			API::refresh_window(*this);
-				get_drawer_trigger().impl_->graph_ptr->set_changed();
-				API::refresh_window(*this);
-			}
 		}
 
 		void picture::stretchable(bool enables)
@@ -290,11 +273,7 @@ namespace nana
 			backimg.bground.reset();
 
 			backimg.stretchable = enables;
-			if (handle())
+			API::refresh_window(*this);
-			{
-				get_drawer_trigger().impl_->graph_ptr->set_changed();
-				API::refresh_window(*this);
-			}
 		}
 
 		void picture::set_gradual_background(const ::nana::color& from, const ::nana::color& to, bool horizontal)
@@ -303,11 +282,8 @@ namespace nana
 			bground.gradual_from = from;
 			bground.gradual_to = to;
 			bground.horizontal = horizontal;
-			if (handle())
+
-			{
+			API::refresh_window(*this);
-				get_drawer_trigger().impl_->graph_ptr->set_changed();
-				API::refresh_window(*this);
-			}
 		}
 
 		void picture::transparent(bool enabled)

source/gui/widgets/progress.cpp

@@ -91,19 +91,26 @@ namespace nana
 				{
 					return value_px_;
 				}
+
+				bool value_px_sync()
+				{
+					if (widget_)
+					{
+						auto value_px = (widget_->size().width - border_px * 2) * value_ / max_;
+
+						if (value_px != value_px_)
+						{
+							value_px_ = value_px;
+							return true;
+						}
+					}
+					return false;
+				}
 			private:
 				void _m_try_refresh()
 				{
-					if (nullptr == widget_)
+					if (value_px_sync())
-						return;
-
-					auto value_px = (widget_->size().width - border_px * 2) * value_ / max_;
-
-					if (value_px != value_px_)
-					{
-						value_px_ = value_px;
 						API::refresh_window(*widget_);
-					}
 				}
 			private:
 				nana::progress * widget_{ nullptr };
@@ -144,6 +151,9 @@ namespace nana
 				auto rt_bground = rt_val;
 				if (false == progress_->unknown(nullptr))
 				{
+					//Sync the value_px otherwise the progress is incorrect when it is resized.
+					progress_->value_px_sync();
+
 					rt_bground.x = static_cast<int>(progress_->value_px()) + static_cast<int>(border_px);
 					rt_bground.width -= progress_->value_px();
 

source/gui/widgets/skeletons/text_editor.cpp

@@ -556,6 +556,7 @@ namespace nana{	namespace widgets
 			virtual void merge_lines(std::size_t first, std::size_t second) = 0;
 			//Calculates how many lines the specified line of text takes with a specified pixels of width.
 			virtual void add_lines(std::size_t pos, std::size_t lines) = 0;
+			virtual void prepare() = 0;
 			virtual void pre_calc_line(std::size_t line, unsigned pixels) = 0;
 			virtual void pre_calc_lines(unsigned pixels) = 0;
 			virtual std::size_t take_lines() const = 0;
@@ -668,6 +669,12 @@ namespace nana{	namespace widgets
 				}
 			}
 
+			void prepare() override
+			{
+				auto const line_count = editor_.textbase().lines();
+				this->sections_.resize(line_count);
+			}
+
 			void pre_calc_line(std::size_t pos, unsigned) override
 			{
 				auto const & text = editor_.textbase().getline(pos);
@@ -781,6 +788,12 @@ namespace nana{	namespace widgets
 				}
 			}
 
+			void prepare() override
+			{
+				auto const lines = editor_.textbase().lines();
+				linemtr_.resize(lines);
+			}
+
 			void pre_calc_line(std::size_t line, unsigned pixels) override
 			{
 				const string_type& lnstr = editor_.textbase().getline(line);
@@ -1220,7 +1233,7 @@ namespace nana{	namespace widgets
 			case keyboard::os_pagedown:
 				_m_handle_move_key(arg);
 				break;
-			case keyboard::os_del:
+			case keyboard::del:
 				// send delete to set_accept function
 				if (this->attr().editable && (!impl_->capacities.pred_acceptive || impl_->capacities.pred_acceptive(key)))
 					del();
@@ -1234,7 +1247,7 @@ namespace nana{	namespace widgets
 
 		void text_editor::typeface_changed()
 		{
-			impl_->capacities.behavior->pre_calc_lines(width_pixels());
+			_m_reset_content_size(true);
 		}
 
 		void text_editor::indent(bool enb, std::function<std::string()> generator)
@@ -1676,7 +1689,7 @@ namespace nana{	namespace widgets
 					impl_->try_refresh = sync_graph::refresh;
 
 					//_m_put calcs the lines
-					_m_reset_content_size(false);
+					_m_reset_content_size(true);
 					impl_->cview->sync(false);
 				}
 			}
@@ -2886,10 +2899,14 @@ namespace nana{	namespace widgets
 					auto text_lines = textbase().lines();
 					if (text_lines <= max_lines)
 					{
+						impl_->capacities.behavior->prepare();
+
+						auto const width_px = _m_width_px(true);
+
 						std::size_t lines = 0;
 						for (std::size_t i = 0; i < text_lines; ++i)
 						{
-							impl_->capacities.behavior->pre_calc_line(i, csize.width);
+							impl_->capacities.behavior->pre_calc_line(i, width_px);
 							lines += impl_->capacities.behavior->take_lines(i);
 
 							if (lines > max_lines)

source/gui/widgets/spinbox.cpp

@@ -560,6 +560,12 @@ namespace nana
 				impl_->editor()->reset_caret();
 				API::dev::lazy_refresh();
 			}
+			
+			void drawer::dbl_click(graph_reference, const arg_mouse& arg)
+			{
+				if (impl_->mouse_button(arg, true))
+					API::dev::lazy_refresh();
+			}
 
 			void drawer::mouse_down(graph_reference, const arg_mouse& arg)
 			{
@@ -599,7 +605,10 @@ namespace nana
 			{
 				impl_->editor()->respond_char(arg);
 				if (impl_->editor()->try_refresh())
+				{
+					impl_->draw_spins();
 					API::dev::lazy_refresh();
+				}
 			}
 
 			void drawer::resized(graph_reference, const arg_resized&)

source/gui/widgets/textbox.cpp

@@ -435,7 +435,23 @@ namespace drawerbase {
 			}
 			return *this;
 		}
+        //a native wstring version textbox::append
+        textbox& textbox::append(const std::wstring& text, bool at_caret)
+        {
+            internal_scope_guard lock;
+            auto editor = get_drawer_trigger().editor();
+            if(editor)
+            {
+                if(at_caret == false)
+                    editor->move_caret_end(false);
 
+                editor->put(text);
+
+                editor->try_refresh();
+                API::update_window(this->handle());
+            }
+            return *this;
+        }
 		/// Determine wheter the text is auto-line changed.
 		bool textbox::line_wrapped() const
 		{

source/gui/widgets/treebox.cpp

@@ -1825,7 +1825,6 @@ namespace nana
 					item_locator nl(impl_, xpos, arg.pos.x, arg.pos.y);
 					impl_->attr.tree_cont.for_each<item_locator&>(shape.first, nl);
 
-					bool has_redraw = false;
 
 					auto & node_state = impl_->node_state;
 					node_state.pressed_node = nl.node();
@@ -1834,21 +1833,17 @@ namespace nana
 					{
 						if(impl_->set_expanded(node_state.pressed_node, !node_state.pressed_node->value.second.expanded))
 							impl_->make_adjust(node_state.pressed_node, 0);
-
-						has_redraw = true;	//btw, don't select the node
 					}
-					
+					else if (node_state.selected != node_state.pressed_node)
-					if ((!has_redraw) && (node_state.selected != node_state.pressed_node))
 					{
 						impl_->set_selected(node_state.pressed_node);
-						has_redraw = true;
 					}
+					else
+						return;
 
-					if(has_redraw)
+					
-					{
+					impl_->draw(true);
-						impl_->draw(true);
+					API::dev::lazy_refresh();
-						API::dev::lazy_refresh();
-					}
 				}
 
 				void trigger::mouse_up(graph_reference, const arg_mouse& arg)

source/gui/wvl.cpp

@@ -15,7 +15,12 @@
 #include <nana/gui/detail/bedrock.hpp>
 #include <nana/std_thread.hpp>
 #include <iostream> 
-#include <chrono>
+
+#ifdef STD_THREAD_NOT_SUPPORTED
+#	include <boost/chrono.hpp>
+#else
+#	include <chrono>
+#endif
 
 //#define NANA_AUTOMATIC_GUI_TESTING
 namespace nana

source/paint/graphics.cpp

@@ -240,12 +240,16 @@ namespace paint
 		graphics::graphics(graphics&& other)
 			: impl_(std::move(other.impl_))
 		{
+			other.impl_.reset(new implementation);
 		}
 
 		graphics& graphics::operator=(graphics&& other)
 		{
 			if (this != &other)
+			{
 				impl_ = std::move(other.impl_);
+				other.impl_.reset(new implementation);
+			}
 
 			return *this;
 		}
@@ -265,9 +269,9 @@ namespace paint
 			return (!impl_->handle);
 		}
 
-		graphics::operator const void *() const
+		graphics::operator bool() const noexcept
 		{
-			return impl_->handle;
+			return (impl_->handle != nullptr);
 		}
 
 		drawable_type graphics::handle() const
@@ -287,9 +291,15 @@ namespace paint
 			return (impl_->handle ? impl_->handle->context : nullptr);
 		}
 
+		void graphics::swap(graphics& other) noexcept
+		{
+			if (context() != other.context())
+				impl_.swap(other.impl_);
+		}
+
 		void graphics::make(const ::nana::size& sz)
 		{
-			if(impl_->handle == nullptr || impl_->size != sz)
+			if (impl_->handle == nullptr || impl_->size != sz)
 			{
 				if (sz.empty())
 				{
@@ -298,9 +308,10 @@ namespace paint
 				}
 
 				//The object will be delete while dwptr_ is performing a release.
-				drawable_type dw = new nana::detail::drawable_impl_type;
+				std::shared_ptr<nana::detail::drawable_impl_type> dw{ new nana::detail::drawable_impl_type, detail::drawable_deleter{} };
+
 				//Reuse the old font
-				if(impl_->platform_drawable)
+				if (impl_->platform_drawable)
 				{
 					drawable_type reuse = impl_->platform_drawable.get();
 					dw->font = reuse->font;
@@ -310,8 +321,13 @@ namespace paint
 					dw->font = impl_->font_shadow.impl_->real_font;
 
 #if defined(NANA_WINDOWS)
-				HDC hdc = ::GetDC(0);
+				HDC hdc = ::GetDC(nullptr);
 				HDC cdc = ::CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
+				if (nullptr == cdc)
+				{
+					::ReleaseDC(nullptr, hdc);
+					throw std::bad_alloc{};
+				}
 
 				BITMAPINFO bmi;
 				bmi.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
@@ -324,34 +340,60 @@ namespace paint
 
 				HBITMAP bmp = ::CreateDIBSection(cdc, &bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&(dw->pixbuf_ptr)), 0, 0);
 
-				if(bmp)
+				if (nullptr == bmp)
-				{
-					::DeleteObject((HBITMAP)::SelectObject(cdc, bmp));
-					::DeleteObject(::SelectObject(cdc, dw->font->native_handle()));
-
-					dw->context = cdc;
-					dw->pixmap = bmp;
-					::SetBkMode(cdc, TRANSPARENT);
-				}
-				else
 				{
 					::DeleteDC(cdc);
-					delete dw;
+					::ReleaseDC(nullptr, hdc);
-					dw = nullptr;
+					throw std::bad_alloc{};
-					release();
 				}
 
+				::DeleteObject((HBITMAP)::SelectObject(cdc, bmp));
+				::DeleteObject(::SelectObject(cdc, dw->font->native_handle()));
+
+				dw->context = cdc;
+				dw->pixmap = bmp;
+				::SetBkMode(cdc, TRANSPARENT);
+
 				::ReleaseDC(0, hdc);
 #elif defined(NANA_X11)
 				auto & spec = nana::detail::platform_spec::instance();
-				Display* disp = spec.open_display();
+				{
-				int screen = DefaultScreen(disp);
+					nana::detail::platform_scope_guard psg;
-				Window root = ::XRootWindow(disp, screen);
+
-				dw->pixmap = ::XCreatePixmap(disp, root, sz.width, sz.height, DefaultDepth(disp, screen));
+					spec.set_error_handler();
-				dw->context = ::XCreateGC(disp, dw->pixmap, 0, 0);
+
-	#if defined(NANA_USE_XFT)
+					Display* disp = spec.open_display();
-				dw->xftdraw = ::XftDrawCreate(disp, dw->pixmap, spec.screen_visual(), spec.colormap());
+					int screen = DefaultScreen(disp);
-	#endif
+					Window root = ::XRootWindow(disp, screen);
+					auto pixmap = ::XCreatePixmap(disp, root, sz.width, sz.height, DefaultDepth(disp, screen));
+					if(spec.error_code)
+					{
+						spec.rev_error_handler();
+						throw std::bad_alloc();
+					}
+					auto context = ::XCreateGC(disp, pixmap, 0, 0);
+					if (spec.error_code)
+					{
+						::XFreePixmap(disp, pixmap);
+						spec.rev_error_handler();
+						throw std::bad_alloc();
+					}
+#	if defined(NANA_USE_XFT)
+					auto xftdraw = ::XftDrawCreate(disp, pixmap, spec.screen_visual(), spec.colormap());
+					if (spec.error_code)
+					{
+						::XFreeGC(disp, context);
+						::XFreePixmap(disp, pixmap);
+
+						spec.rev_error_handler();
+						throw std::bad_alloc();
+					}
+
+					dw->xftdraw = xftdraw;
+#	endif
+					dw->pixmap = pixmap;
+					dw->context = context;
+				}
 #endif
 				if(dw)
 				{
@@ -362,8 +404,8 @@ namespace paint
 #else
 					dw->update_text_color();
 #endif
-					impl_->platform_drawable.reset(dw, detail::drawable_deleter{});
+					impl_->platform_drawable = dw;
-					impl_->handle = dw;
+					impl_->handle = dw.get();
 					impl_->size = sz;
 
 					impl_->handle->string.tab_pixels = detail::raw_text_extent_size(impl_->handle, L"\t", 1).width;